Jacobs thankfulness to God, for Gods goodness to Jacob A meditation on Genesis 32.…Iacobs thankfulnesse to God, for Gods goodnesse to Iacob A meditation on Genesis 32.…
Jacobs thankfulness to God, for Gods goodness to Jacob A meditation on Genesis 32. 10. Wherein by the way also the popish doctrine of mans merit is discussed. By Thomas Gataker, B. of D. and pastor of Rotherhith.Iacobs thankfulnesse to God, for Gods goodnesse to Iacob A meditation on Genesis 32. 10. VVherein by the way also the popish doctrine of mans merite is discussed. By Thomas Gataker, B. of D. and pastor of Rotherhith.
Thomas Gataker 1574–1654London: printed by John Haviland for Fulke Clifton, 1624London: printed by Iohn Haviland for Fulke Clifton, 1624
[8], 97, [5] p. · 24k words · STC 11662 · ESTC S102969
Modern spelling is a reading aid: the words are the author’s, only the spelling is modernized. Original shows the page as printed, with the transcription marks.
I might here take occasion to show somewhat largely, in what sense the uAncient Fathers, as also xother Writers of those times do ordinarily use the word to Merit (because our Adversaries so much press the use of that Phrase in them, as if it implied such Merit as they maintain) to wit, as yBellarmine himself, with zothers of his own side also acknowledgeth, for to achieve or obtain ought on any terms whatsoever, be it of free favour, or of due debt and desert: which is the Merit of Impetration, that he saith Augustine speaketh ⟨p. 44⟩of; and adiffereth much from Merit or Desert strictly and properly so termed, as Bellarmine himself also granteth: Since that, by their own confession, bit is one thing to impetrate or obtain, and another to merit, that is, to deserve: And therefore in such sense as they use the word Merit, ca man may be said sometime to merit, that is, obtain and impetrate, what he deserveth not; and again, dnot to merit, that is, obtain and impetrate what yet he hath well deserved. As also in this sense ethey are wont (Bellarmine himself also acknowledging it) to call all good works merits, for which we receive ought, though the reward be, as fhe granteth also that it may be, not of desert, right, or due debt, but of favour and grace only. Wherein Bernard singularly well expounding their meaning, and his own too, where he useth those and the like terms;
saith he, those things that we use to call merits, are certain seeds of Hope, sparks of Love, signs of our hidden predestination, presages of our future glorification; the way to the crown, not the cause of our crowning.
I might heere take occasion to shew somewhat largely, in what sense the uAncient Fathers, as also xother Writers of those times doe ordinarily use the word to Merit (because our Adversaries so much presse the use of that Phrase in them, as if it implied such Merit as they mantaine) to wit, as yBellarmine himselfe, with zothers of his owne side also acknowledgeth, for to atchieve or obtaine ought on any tearmes whatsoever, be it of free favour, or of due debt and desert: which is the Merit of Impetration, that hee saith Augustine speaketh ⟨p. 44⟩of; and adiffereth much from Merit or Desert strictly and properly so tearmed, as Bellarmine himselfe also granteth: Since that, by their owne confession, bit is one thing to impetrate or obtaine, and another to merit, that is, to deserve: And therefore in such sense as they vse the word Merit, ca man may be said sometime to merit, that is, obtaine and impetrate, what hee deserveth not; and againe, dnot to merit, that is, obtaine and impetrate what yet hee hath well deserved. As also in this sense ethey are wont (Bellarmine himselfe also acknowledging it) to call all good workes merits, for which we receiue ought, though the reward be, as fhe granteth also that it may be, not of desert, right, or due debt, but of favour and grace onely. Wherein Bernard singularly well expounding their meaning, and his owne too, where hee useth those and the like tearmes; gIf we speake properly, ⟨p. 45⟩saith hee, those things that wee use to call merits, are certaine seeds of Hope, sparkes of Love, signes of our hidden predestination, presages of our future glorification; the way to the crowne, not the cause of our crowning.
uIta Hieron. in Hosh. 4.14. Grandis offensa, postquā peccaveris, irā Dei non mereri. Christi esse meruisti. Collatio Carth. cognit. 1. art. 8. Proponant, qui ista elicere meruerunt. Ibid. cognit. 3. art. 16. Quis supplicavit, quis legem meruit? Quis judicium postulavit? Et Sedul. & alius nescio quis Hieron. nomine in Rom. 4. Magna beatitudo est sine labore legis & poenitentiae, Domini gratiam sola fide promereri; sicut siquis aliquam dignitatem gratis accipiat.Ita Hieron. in Hosh. 4.14. Grandis offensa, postquā peccaveris, irā Dei non mereri. Christi esse meruisti. Collatio Carth. cognit. 1. art. 8. Proponant, qui ista elicere meruerunt. Ibid. cognit. 3. art. 16. Quis supplicavit, quis legem meruit? Quis judicium postulavit? Et Sedul. & alius nescio quis Hieron. nomine in Rom. 4. Magna beatitudo est sine labore legis & poenitentiae, Domini gratiam sola fide promereri; sicut siquis aliquam dignitatem gratis accipiat.
xPacem sub hac lege meruit, ut captivos nostros redderet. Ammian. hist. lib. 17. Pacem quam ipse meruit, ei quoque debere proficere, Ibid.
yAugustinus explicat quomodo fides mereatur, cum dicit eam impetrare remissionem peccatorum. Bellar. de Justif. lib. 1. cap. 21. Sed & Bellarm. ipse ibid. l•b. 5. cap. 2. exponit illud Vulg. versionis Hebr. 13.16. Talibus hostijs Deus promeretur, i. ut Oecumenius, placetur Deo.Augustinus explicat quomodo fides mereatur, cum dicit eam impetrare remissionem peccatorum. Bellar. de Iustif. lib. 1. cap. 21. Sed & Bellarm. ipse ibid. l•b. 5. cap. 2. exponit illud Vulg. versionis Hebr. 13.16. Talibus hostijs Deus promeretur, i. ut Oecumenius, placetur Deo.
zQu•dsi aliquis veterum vocabulo promerendi usus est, non aliter intellexit, quam consecutionem de facto. Stapleton. prompt. Fer. 5. post Passion. Dominic. Videatur Vega infra.
aMultum interest inter meritum & impetrationem, Bel. de Bon. oper. in particul. l. 1. c 9.
bJmpetramus etiam quae non meremur. Tho. sum par. 1a. 2ae. q. 114. a. 9. A man may impetrate, and not deserve: & a man may deserve and not impetrate, Anonymus Author con tra Bellij Ruinam Papismi. Meritum enim innititur justitiae; & non potest Deus homini negare quod meruit, &c. Sed impetrare est liberalitatis divinae: si det, est gratiae; si non det, non potest •rgui injustitiae. Adrian. quod lib. q 8.Jmpetramus etiam quae non meremur. Tho. sum par. 1a. 2ae. q. 114. a. 9. A man may impetrate, and not deserve: & a man may deserve and not impetrate, Anonymꝰ Author cō tra Bellij Ruinam Papismi. Meritum enim innititur justitiae; & non potest Deꝰ homini negare quod meruit, &c. Sed impetrare est liberalitatis divinae: si det, est gratiae; si non det, non potest •rgui injustitiae. Adrian. quod lib. q 8.
cVeniam Arbitione precante meruerunt. Ammian. hist. l. 15. Quia Dei filium Judea contempsit, Gentilitas promeruit. Greg. in 1 Reg. 2. Maria sola ma•er Domini fieri meruit. Eusebij Emiss. nomine in Dominic. 4. Advent. Pare•e meruit eum, quem constat nullum habtisse peccatum. August. de Nat. & Grat. cap. 36. Ipsum Deum homin•m factum & concipere & parere, non humanis meritis, sed concepti nascentisque ex ea summi Dei dignatione promeruit. Fulgent. de Grat. & Incarn. cap. 7. Laetiores interim quod virgas evaserint, quàm quod meruerint principatum, Bernardus De pueris ad praelaturam promotis, Epist. 42. Itaque ingenuè Vega de Justificat. lib. 8. cap. 8. agnoscit, usurpari apud Patres nomen Meriti, ubi nulla est ratio Meriti, neque de congruo, neque de condigno.Veniam Arbitione precante meruerunt. Ammian. hist. l. 15. Quia Dei filium Iudea contempsit, Gentilitas promeruit. Greg. in 1 Reg. 2. Maria sola ma•er Domini fieri meruit. Eusebij Emiss. nomine in Dominic. 4. Advent. Pare•e meruit eum, quem constat nullum habtisse peccatum. August. de Nat. & Grat. cap. 36. Ipsum Deum homin•m factum & concipere & parere, non humanis meritis, sed concepti nascentisque ex ea summi Dei dignatione promeruit. Fulgent. de Grat. & Incarn. cap. 7. Laetiores interim quod virgas evaserint, quàm quod meruerint principatum, Bernardus De pueris ad praelaturam promotis, Epist. 42. Itaque ingenuè Vega de Justificat. lib. 8. cap. 8. agnoscit, usurpari apud Patres nomen Meriti, ubi nulla est ratio Meriti, neque de congruo, neque de condigno.
dMiles Gallicanis sudoribus nec donatioum meruit, nec stipendium. Ammian. histor. lib. 17.
eSol•n• meritum appellare quemlibet actum bonum, ratione cujus aliquid aliud accipimus: ut ex Augustin• perspicu• patet, Bellarm. de Grat. & lib. Arb. lib. 1. cap. 14.
fMercedem quandam esse dicimus, quae magis debetur ex gratia, quam ex justitia; sive quae imputetur sec. gratiam, & non sec. debitum▪ Idem de Justific. lib. 1. cap. 21.Mercedem quandam esse dicimus, quae magis debetur ex gratia, quam ex justitia; sive quae imputetur sec. gratiam, & non sec. debitum▪ Idem de Iustific. lib. 1. cap. 21.
gSi propriè appellentur ea quae dicimus merita nostra, spei quaedam sunt seminaria, charitatis incentiva, occultae pr•destinationis indicia, futurae glorificationis praes•gia, via regni, non causa regnandi, Bern. de Grat. & lib. arb.
I might also insist on that which Bellarmine hath else-where, that *to merit, as they speak, is no more than that which the Greeks call [Greek or Hebrew], which word signifieth not “to be worthy, as he saith, contrary to all use and authority, but †to be vouchsafed, reputed or esteemed as worthy, as also “Cajetan himself, therein following their own vulgar Latin, expoundeth it. And whereas that same their vulgar Translation hath it in bad and barbarous *Latin, and their Rhemists version in as bad or worse English, §with such hosts God is promerited. ¶The meaning of it is, saith Bellarmine ▪ that with such sacrifices God is delighted, or pacified, as Chrysostoms Commentary hath it, (though indeed in Chrysostoms Commentary, there no is such word, or any one word of exposition, but the same word it self only) or is pleased, (well-pleased, it is word for word in the Original) as Oecumenius expoundeth it. And *it signifieth, saith he, that God is delighted in good works, and is therewith conciliated, (that is, moved to befriend, as we say) and induced thereby to do good unto those that do well. Which is that that we mean, when we say that works are meritorious. Well it were indeed if they either meant or main-maintained no no more than is here said. Little ⟨p. 46⟩controversy would there then be between us and them.
I might also insist on that which Bellarmine hath else-where, that *to merit, as they speake, is no more than that which the Greekes call 〈non-Latin alphabet〉, which word signifieth not “to be worthie, as he saith, contrarie to all use and authoritie, but †to bee vouchsafed, reputed or esteemed as worthie, as also “Cajetan himselfe, therein following their owne vulgar Latin, expoūdeth it. And wheras that same their vulgar Translation hath it in bad and barbarous *Latin, and their Rhemists version in as bad or worse English, §with such hosts God is promerited. ¶The meaning of it is, saith Bellarmine ▪ that with such sacrifices God is delighted, or pacified, as Chrysostomes Commentarie hath it, (though indeed in Chrysostomes Cōmentarie, there no is such word, or any one word of exposition, but the same word it selfe onely) or is pleased, (well-pleased, it is word for word in the Originall) as Oecumenius expoundeth it. And *it signifieth, saith he, that God is delighted in good workes, and is therewith conciliated, (that is, moved to befriend, as wee say) and induced thereby to doe good unto those that doe well. Which is that that wee meane, when wee say that workes are meritorous. Well it were indeed if they either meant or main-maintained no no more than is here said. Little ⟨p. 46⟩controversie would there then be betweene us and them.
*Quod nos dicimus mereri, Graeci dicun• [Greek or Hebrew], Bellarm. de Justifi•. l. 5. c. 2.Quod nos dicimus mereri, Graeci dicun•〈non-Latin alphabet〉, Bellarm. de Iustifi•. l. 5. c. 2.
“[Greek or Hebrew]. i. dignum esse. Idē ibid.〈non-Latin alphabet〉. i. dignum esse. Idē ibid.
†[Greek or Hebrew], Schol. Thucyd. [Greek or Hebrew], Suid▪ [Greek or Hebrew] Schol. Sophocl.〈non-Latin alphabet〉, Schol. Thucyd. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉, Suid▪〈non-Latin alphabet〉 Schol. Sophocl.
“Non ait, ut digni sitis, s•d ut digni habeamini, Cajetan. in 2 Thess. 1.5.
¶Sensus est, tali•us hostijs delectatur, sive placatur D•us, ut hab•t cō mentarius Chrysostomi: vel t•libus hostijs pl•cetur Deo, ut exponit Oecumenius, Bellar. de Justific. l. 5. c. 2.
But to let these things pass, lest I be in this point over-long. Do all Catholics deny indeed even to works done of faith and grace all merit of condignitie? And is there no difference at all among them herein? Yea doth not Bellarmine himself maintain the *contrary? Or doth he not know that there is difference among them herein? and that the most of them (of later times especially) go the other way? Yes undoubtedly. But he dealeth herein, as he doth in the point of Adoration of Images. It is a hcommon tenet among them, that Images are to be worshipped with the self same worship that those are worshipped with, whose Images they are: and so consequently the Images of God and Christ with divine worship ▪ And Bellarmine himself, though a little qualifying it, both alloweth and defendeth it, ithat by accident, or improperly they may be and are so worshipped; to wit, either kas those Images are Gods or Christs Deputies, and so receive for God or Christ himself the worship due to either; or las men conceive God or Christ clad in that Image, as a King in his Robes, and so worship the Image in the same worship together with either. But yet, saith he, myou must not in any wise tell the people so in the Pulpit, that any Images are to be worshipped with divine worship; but the contrary rather, that they are nor to be worshipped. ⟨p. 47⟩And why so? Forsooth▪nbecause many good Catholics cannot endure to hear that Images should be adored: and again, oBecause it giveth Heretics occasion to speak more freely evil of them.
But to let these things passe, lest I be in this point over-long. Doe all Catholikes deny indeed even to workes done of faith and grace all merit of condignitie? And is there no difference at all among them herein? Yea doth not Bellarmine himselfe maintaine the *•ōtrary? Or doth hee not know that there is difference among them herein? and that the most of them (of later times especially) goe the other way? Yes undoubtedly. But hee dealeth herein, as hee doth in the point of Adoration of Images. It is a hcommon tenent among them, that Images are to be worshipped with the selfe same worship that those are worshipped with, whose Images they are: and so consequētly the Images of God and Christ with divine worship ▪ And Bellarmine himselfe, though a little qualifying it, both alloweth and defendeth it, ithat by accident, or improperly they may bee and are so worshiped; to wit, either kas those Images are Gods or Christs Deputies, and so receiue for God or Christ himselfe the worship due to either; or las men conceive God or Christ clad in that Image, as a King in his Roabes, and so worship the Image in the same worship together with either. But yet, saith hee, myou must not in any wise tell the people so in the Pulpit, that any Images are to bee worshipped with divine worship; but the contrarie rather, that they are nor to be worshipped. ⟨p. 47⟩And why so? Forsooth▪nbecause many good Catholikes cannot endure to heare that Images should be adored: and againe, oBecause it giveth Heretikes occasion to speake more freely evill of them.
*Imò, dignari, ut Cic. de Orat. l. 3.
hImagines coli eodem cultu cū Proto•ypo, sive quo coluntur, quorum sunt imagines; Christi & Dei latria: est opinio communi Theologorum sententia recepta. Sic Thom. Albert. Palud. Almain. Marsil Maiol. Capreol. Cajetan. & caeteri juniors. Azor. institut. l. 8. c 6. et Greg. de Valent. de Jdolatr. l. 2. c. 6.Imagines coli eodem cultu cū Proto•ypo, sive quo coluntur, quorum sunt imagines; Christi & Dei latria: est opinio cōmuni Theologorum sententia recepta. Sic Thom. Albert. Palud. Almain. Marsil Maiol. Capreol. Cajetan. & caeteri juniores. Azor. institut. l. 8. c 6. et Greg. de Valent. de Jdolatr. l. 2. c. 6.
iSi de reipsa agatur, admitti potest Imagines posse coli impropriè vel per accidens, eodem genere cultus, quo exemplar ipsum colitur, &c. Bellar. de cult Sanct. l. 2. c. 23.
kQuando imago accipitur pro ipso exemplary, cujus vicem gerit, Ibid.Quādo imago accipitur pro ipso exemplari, cujus vicem gerit, Ibid.
lCum exemplar cō sideramus quasi im• gine vestitum, &c. Ibid.Cum exemplar cō sideramꝰ quasi im• gine vestitum, &c. Ibid.
mQuantū ad modum loquendi, praesertim in concione ad populum, non est dicendum imagines ullas adora•i debere latria; s•d • contrari•, non deb•re sic ado•ari• Bellar•. ibid. cap. 22.Quantū ad modum loquendi, praesertim in concione ad populum, non est dicendum imagines ullas adora•i debere latria; s•d • contrari, non debre sic adoari Bellar. ibid. cap. 22.
And in like manner dealeth he in this matter of Merit. Because our Writers justly tax them for extreme arrogance therein: Bellarmine here flatly denieth it, and saith that none of them maintain it, and we do but belly them in charging them with it. And yet, to pass by what before was alleged out of him; and what he saith elsewhere again, that pthe remission of some sins is even in justice due to mans good Merits; Where professedly he handleth the Controversy concerning the merits of mans works, he concludeth the direct contrary to what here he avoweth, and condemneth what he averreth here, as no better than Heresy.
And in like manner dealeth hee in this matter of Merit. Because our Writers justly tax them for extreame arrogance therein: Bellarmine here flatly denieth it, and saith that none of them maintaine it, and wee doe but bely them in charging them with it. And yet, to passe by what before was alledged out of him; and what hee saith elsewhere againe, that pthe remission of some sinnes is even in justice due to mans good Merits; Where professedly he handleth the Controversie concerning the merits of mans workes, he concludeth the direct contrarie to what here he avoweth, and condemneth what hee averreth here, as no better than Heresie.
pRemissio veni•li•m justo Dei judicio redditur bonis meritis justorum. Bellarm. de Just. sic. l. 1. c. 21.Remissio veni•li•m justo Dei judicio redditur bonis meritis justorum. Bellarm. de Iust. sic. l. 1. c. 21.
The very Title of his Discourse is, qThat mens works done of charity do condignly merit or deserve Life eternal; and that, rnot only in regard of Gods Covenant, but in regard of the works themselves.
The very Title of his Discourse is, qThat mens workes done of charitie doe condignely merit or deserve Life eternall; and that, rnot onely in regard of Gods Covenant, but in regard of the works themselves.
qOpera justorum ex charitate facta esse meritoria vitae aeternae ex condigno. Bellar. de Justif. l. 5. c. 16.Opera justorum ex charitate facta esse meritoria vitae aeternae ex condigno. Bellar. de Iustif. l. 5. c. 16.
rNon solum ratione pacti, sed etiam ration• operū, Ibid. cap. 17.Non solum ratione pacti, sed etiam ration• operū, Ibid. cap. 17.
In the Discourse it self he telleth us, that sAll Catholics hold that they merit Life eternal. That tsome of them indeed would have no mention made either of condignitie or congruity; ⟨p. 48⟩uSome go a middle way between congruity and condignitie; and xsome again would distinguish between dignity and congruity. But that ythe common opinion of their Divines admitteth merit of condignitie: which he also concludeth with.
In the Discourse it selfe hee telleth us, that sAll Catholikes hold that they merit Life eternall. That tsome of them indeed would haue no mention made either of condignitie or congruitie; ⟨p. 48⟩uSome goe a middle way betweene congruitie and condignitie; and xsome againe would distinguish betweene dignitie and congruitie. But that ythe common opinion of their Divines admitteth merit of condignitie: which hee also concludeth with.
sCatholici omnes ag•oscunt, opera bona justorū esse meritoria vitae aeternae, Ibid. c. 16.Catholici omnes ag•oscunt, opera bona justorū esse meritoria vitae aeternae, Ibid. c. 16.
tAliqui •ensent non esse utendum vocibus his de condigno & de congruo. Sed absolutè esse dic•ndum, Opera justorum esse & meritoria vitae aeternae ex gratia Dei. Ita Tho. Wald•ns. de Sacram. tom. 3. c. 7. & Paul▪ Burg. addit. ad Lyr. in Psal. 35.
uAlij volunt esse meritoria de condigno largo modo, quod respectu condigni propriè sumpti dicatur congruū, respectu congrui possi• dici condignum. Ita Durand. in 2. Sent. d. 27. q 2. Et Greg. Arimin. in 1. Sent. d. 17. q. 1. art. 2.Alij volunt esse meritoria de condigno largo modo, quod respectu condigni propriè sumpti dicatur congruū, respectu cōgrui possi• dici condignum. Ita Durand. in 2. Sent. d. 27. q 2. Et Greg. Arimin. in 1. Sent. d. 17. q. 1. art. 2.
xQuidam distinguunt inter dignū & condignum, & meritum ex digno admittunt, non ex condigno.Quidam distinguunt inter dignū & condignum, & meritum ex digno admittunt, non ex condigno.
yCommunis sentē tia▪ Theologorū admittit simpliciter meritum de condigno. Bellarm. ibid.Communis sentē tia▪ Theologorū admittit simpliciter meritum de condigno. Bellarm. ibid.
Again he saith that asome of their Divines hold, that 2such works do not merit life eternal condignly, in regard of the work it self, or the worth of it, but in regard of Gods Covenant and his acceptation of them only; And that bthus only the Ancient Schoolmen held. cOthers, that they merit it condignly in regard of the work it self, and the worth of it, albeit that God with man had made no such agreement at all. dHe himself thinketh best to go the middle way, as he saith the Council of Trent doth; to wit, that they merit it condignly, in regard both of the agreement and the work jointly together. And that we may not mistake his meaning herein, he telleth us further, that he doth enot thus determine, as if he held, that such works did not in regard of the dignity and worth of them well deserve life eternal, albeit no such agreement were; but merit it in regard of Gods gracious acceptance only: ffor it were a disgrace to God, if his grace in us should be so poor and imperfect as ⟨p. 49⟩to merit no otherwise: (as the Louvain Professors also, too base and beggarly for us *to crave it and have it as an alms:) and that they therefore deserve it, because gthere is a kind of proportion and equality; yea not ha proportionable only, but ian absolute equality (for so he saith in express terms elsewhere) between the work and the wages: And that is properly merit of condignitie indeed, kwhen the work is equal of it self to the wages: which merit of condignitie he saith therefore is ltruly and properly, msimply and absolutely so termed; nMerit in Justice, or of right and due debt: which othat other of congruity is not. And such works therefore, say our Rhemists, are ptruly and properly meritoriously, and fully worthy of everlasting life, so that heaven is the due and just stipend or recompense, which God by his justice oweth to persons so working; and that *so far forth, that he should be unjust, if he should not render heaven for the same: Albeit qthat assertion was by the Divines of Paris almost 300. years since condemned as false and heretical; and by Durandus, saith Bellarmine himself, rit is censured (and ⟨p. 50⟩that not unjustly) not as bold only, but as blasphemous.
Againe hee saith that asome of their Divines hold, that 2such workes doe not merit life eternall condignely, in regard of the worke it selfe, or the worth of it, but in regard of Gods Covenant and his acceptation of them onely; And that bthus onely the Ancient Schoolemen held. cOthers, that they merit it condignely in regard of the worke it selfe, and the worth of it, albeit that God with man had made no such agreement at all. dHe himselfe thinketh best to goe the middle way, as he saith the Councell of Trent doth; to wit, that they merit it condignely, in regard both of the agreement and the worke joyntly together. And that we may not mistake his meaning herein, hee telleth us further, that hee doth enot thus determine, as if hee held, that such workes did not in regard of the dignitie and worth of them well deserve life eternall, albeit no such agreement were; but merit it in regard of Gods gracious acceptance onely: ffor it were a disgrace to God, if his grace in vs should bee so poore and imperfect as ⟨p. 49⟩to merit no otherwise: (as the Lovaine Professors also, too base and beggerly for us *to craue it and have it as an almes:) and that they therefore deserve it, because gthere is a kinde of proportion and equalitie; yea not ha proportionable onely, but ian absolute equality (for so he saith in expresse tearmes elsewhere) betweene the worke and the wages: And that is properly merit of condignitie indeed, k
aQuidam existi•nant opera bona nō esse meritoria vitae aeternae ex condigno ratione operis, sed tantum ratione pacti, & acceptationis divinae, Bellar. de Justific. l. 5. c. 17.Quidam existi•nant opera bona nō esse meritoria vitae aeternae ex condigno ratione operis, sed tantum ratione pacti, & acceptationis divinae, Bellar. de Iustific. l. 5. c. 17.
2Quidam existimant opera bona nō esse meritoria vitae aeternae ex condigno ratione pacti, & acceptationis divinae, Bellar. de Justifi•. l. 5. c. 17.Quidam existimant opera bona nō esse meritoria vitae aeternae ex condigno ratione pacti, & acceptationis divinae, Bellar. de Iustifi•. l. 5. c. 17.
bIta Scot. in 1. Sent. d. 17. qu. 2. quem al•j quoque ex veteribus scholasticis sequuntur.
cNon desunt qui censent esse meritoria ex condigno ratione operis, etiamsi nulla extaret divina conventio. Ita Cajetan. in Thom. p. 1•.2•. q. 114. a. 1. & Dominic. à Soto de Nat. &. Grat. c. 7.
dNobis media sententia probabilior videtur, esse sci•. meritoria ex condigno ratione pacti & operis simul, Bell. ibid.Nobis media sententia probabilior videtur, esse sci•. meritoria ex cōdigno ratione pacti & operis simul, Bell. ibid.
eNon quod sine pacto & acceptatione non habeat opus bonū proportionem ad vitā aeternam ex operis dignitate, Ibid.Non quod sine pacto & acceptatione non habeat opus bonū proportionem ad vitā aeternam ex operis dignitate, Ibid.
fDetrabitur de gloria Christi, si merita nostra sint ita imperfecta, ut non sint meritoria ex condigno, nisi ratione acceptationis Dei, Ibid.
*Absit ut justi vitam aeternam expectent sicut pauperes leemosynam, multi namque gloriosius est ipsos quasi victores & triumphatores eam possidere, tanquam palmam suis sudoribus debitam. Ruard. Tapper. explic. art. Lovan. tom. 2. cap. 9.
But why is Gods agreement needful then? or why doth Bellarmine require that also? He telleth you himself; not for any defect or want of worth in the work, but sbecause that without some such agreement no reward or wages can of right be claimed for any work, albeit of it self otherwise it be never so worthy.
But why is Gods agreement needfull then? or why doth Bellarmine require that also? He telleth you himselfe; not for any defect or want of worth in the worke, but sbecause that without some such agreement no reward or wages can of right be claimed for any worke, albeit of it selfe otherwise it be never so worthie.
sRequiritur pactū & conventio: nisi enim id praecesserit, non potest ex justitia commutativa, neque ex distributiva etiam, opus alterum oblig•re, quantumvis eximium sit, & equal mercedi, Idem de Justific. l. 5. c. 14.Requiritur pactū & conventio: nisi enim id praecesserit, non potest ex justitia commutativa, neque ex distributiva etiam, opus alterum oblig•re, quantumvis eximium sit, & aequale mercedi, Idem de Iustific. l. 5. c. 14.
Lastly, he telleth us that tthere want not very grave Authors, who think that every good work of a just man endued with charity meriteth or deserveth life eternal. uWhich he thus far forth also subscribeth unto, if this condition be added, that not only the party doing it be endued with charity, but the very work it self also do actually, or virtually at least proceed from charity, and be done for Gods sake. So that not only the whole course and tenor of a godly mans life uprightly and religiously led, being laid altogether in one lump, but every particular such action of it, considered alone by it self, should by this their doctrine deserve no less than heaven at Gods hands. And then belike so oft as they have done any good work merely for Gods sake, so oft have they deserved an heaven at least of him. It were absurd and senseless for a sorry beggar to imagine (that I may use Bellarmines own comparison) that by weeding though a whole day in the Kings garden at White-hall, he had in regard of the worth of the work done by him, deserved an hundred ⟨p. 51⟩Jacobuses, because his Majesty had promised for his days work to give him such wages. xBellarmine himself will not deny it. But it were much more absurd for such an one to imagine, that for every weed that in that his days work he had pulled up (were it done out of never so much love to his Sovereign) he had deserved, I say not an Earldom, or a Dukedom, but a Crown at least or a Kingdom. And yet is there far greater disproportion here between the work that we do, and the reward that we expect, than could there be between the work and the wages: Since that ybetween finite and infinite there is no proportion at all. And therefore saith our Country-man Thomas of Walden, though no friend to Wycliffe; for he wrote professedly against him; *What can we do that should be worthy of heavenly things, which the Apostle saith, that “The sufferings of this life are not worthy of? §I account him therefore the sounder Divine, the better Catholic, (and the Protestants belike then are the better Catholics herein) and one that agreeth more with Gods word, that simply and utterly denieth such Merit.
Lastly, hee telleth us that tthere want not very grave Authors, who thinke that everie good worke of a just man endued with charity meriteth or deserveth life eternall. uWhich he thus farre forth also subscribeth unto, if this condition be added, that not onely the parti• doing it bee endued with charitie, but the very worke it selfe also doe actually, or virtually at least pr•ceede from charitie, and be done for Gods sake. So that not onely the whole course and tenour of a godly mans life uprightly and religiously led, being laid altogether in one lumpe, but every particular such action of it, considered alone by it selfe, should by this their doctrine deserve no lesse than heauen at Gods hands. And then belike so oft as they haue done any good worke meerely for Gods sake, so oft haue they deserved an heaven at least of him. It were absurd and senslesse for a sorry begger to imagine (that I may use Bellarmines owne comparison) that by weeding though a whole day in the Kings garden at White-hall, he had in regard of the worth of the worke done by him, deserved an hundred ⟨p. 51⟩Iacobusses, because his Majestie had promised for his dayes worke to give him such wages. xBellarmine himself wil not deny it. But it were much more absurd for such an one to imagine, that for every weed that in that his daies worke hee had pulled up (were it done out of never so much love to his Soveraigne) he had deserved, I say not an Earledome, or a Dukedome, but a Crowne at least or a Kingdome. And yet is there farre greater disproportion heere betweene the worke that we doe, and the reward that wee expect, than could there be betweene the worke and the wages: Since that ybetweene finite and infinite there is no proportion at all. And therefore saith our Country-man Thomas of Walden, though no friend to Wickliffe; for hee wrote professedly against him; *What can wee doe that should be worthie of heavenly things, which the Apostle saith, that “The sufferings of this life are not worthie of? §
tNon defunt gravissimi Autores, qui sentiant, Omne opus bonum hominis justi & habitu charitatis praediti, vitae •tern• meritoriū esse, […]. c. 15.Non defunt gravissimi Autores, qui sentiant, Omne opus bonum hominis justi & habitu charitatis praediti, vitae •tern• meritoriū esse, 〈…〉. c. 15.
uProbabilius videtur ad meritum exigi, ut opus bonū, vel tunc cū fit, actu imperetur à charitate, atque in Deum ut finem ultimum referatur; vel certè nascatur ab actu imperato à charitate, atque in Deum ante relato; quod est virtute non actu […] Deū referri, Ibid.Probabilius videtur ad meritum exigi, ut opus bonū, vel tunc cū fit, actu imperetur à charitate, atque in Deum ut finem ultimum referatur; vel certè nascatur ab actu imperato à charitate, atque in Deum ante relato; quod est virtute non actu 〈…〉 Deū referri, Ibid.
xSi opus aliquod sit multo inferius mercede ex conventione promissa, ut si Dominus vineae cō duceret operarios, & non denarium diurnum, sed centum nummos aureos pro mercede promitteret, non esset meritum ex condigno ratione operis, Bellar. de Justific. l. 5. c. 17.Si opus aliquod sit multo inferius mercede ex conventione promissa, ut si Dominus vineae cō duceret operarios, & nō denarium diurnum, sed centum nummos aureos pro mercede promitteret, non esset meritum ex condigno ratione operis, Bellar. de Iustific. l. 5. c. 17.
yFiniti ad infinitum nulla est proportio. Itaque rectè Fulgent. ad M•nim. l. 1. Tantum ibi gratia divinae retributionis exuberat, ut incomparabiliter atque ineffabiliter omne meritum quamvis bonae & ex Deo datae humanae voluntatis & operationis excedat.Finiti ad infinitum nulla est proportio. Itaque rectè Fulgent. ad M•nim. l. 1. Tantum ibi gratia divinae retributionis exuberat, ut incōparabiliter atque ineffabiliter omne meritum quamvis bonae & ex Deo datae humanae voluntatis & operationis excedat.
*Quid dignū facimus ut participes coelestibus fieri inveniamur? &c. Thom. Wald. citante Vega de merit. q. 4.
aAnd though a man, saith an uncertain Author, but alleged commonly by them, as Eusebius Emissenus, should with all the strength of body and mind exercise himself to the utmost, in obedience to God all his life long, yet could he bring out nothing, ⟨p. 52⟩that by way of condigne merit could countervail heavens happiness. For, considering the extent and continuance of it, bif we cast our reckonings up aright, saith Augustine, it should be eternal travel at least, that should purchase eternal rest. And considering the dignity and excellency of it, cThough a man, saith Anselm, should serve God in most fervent manner for a thousand years together, yet should he not thereby condignly merit to be but half a day im heaven. And *though the godly have done a whole million of good deeds, saith Chrysost. yet that such a crown, such an heaven, and so great honour should for so small piddling matters (in comparison thereof) be conferred on them, it is of Gods free grace, and (as he there also implieth) not of due debt, or of their desert. For, †It is of justice, saith he, that th• other are punished; it is of grace that these are crowned, that is, there is “deserved pain ▪ as Augustine speaketh, repaid the one, grace undeserved freely bestowed on the other. Anselm, it seemeth, thought he could not in an hundred, nay in a thousand years, do that▪ that they are able to do in less than a• hour. He thought and taught that a man could not in a thousand years, by all that ever he did, or could do, merit half a days abode in heaven; and they think and •each (if they think at least as they teach) that a man may in much less than half a days space do that, that shall merit more than a thousand thousand years, even an eternal abode in heaven. Chrysostom thought a man could not ⟨p. 53⟩with a million of good works do that, that they think they can do with any one alone. For, so many thousands of them, saith he, cannot in justice deserve the Kingdom of Heaven. Any one alone, say they, of those that we do, can do it. Jacob deemed himself unable with all that he had done or could do, to requite those favours, even in his temporal estate, that God had conferred upon him:
aAnd though a man, saith an uncertaine Author, but alledged commonly by them, as Eusebius Emissenus, should with all the strength of bodie and minde exercise himselfe to the utmost, in obedience to God all his life long, yet could he bring out nothing, ⟨p. 52⟩that by way of condigne merit could countervaile heavens happinesse. For, considering the extent and continuance of it, bif we cast our reckonings up aright, saith Augustine, it should be eternall travell at least, that should purchase eternall rest. And considering the dignitie and excellencie of it, cThough a man, saith Anselme, should serve God in most fervent maner for a thousand yeeres together, yet should hee not thereby condignely merit to be but halfe a day im heaven. And *though the godly have done a whole million of good deeds, saith Chrysost. yet that such a crowne, such an heaven, and so great honour should for so small pidling matters (in comparison thereof) be conferred on them, it is of Gods free grace, and (as he there also implieth) not of due debt, or of their desert. For, †It is of justice, saith he, that th• other are punished; it is of grace that these are crowned, that is, there is “deserved paine ▪ as Augustine speaketh, repaid the one, grace undeserved freely bestowed on the other. Anselme, it seemeth, thought he could not in an hundred, nay in a thousand yeeres, doe that▪ that they are able to doe in lesse than a• houre. He thought and taught that a man could not in a thousand yeeres, by all that ever he did, or could doe, merite halfe a daies abode in heaven; and they thinke and •each (if they thinke at least as they teach) that a man may in much lesse than halfe a daies space doe that, that shall merit more than a thousand thousand yeeres, even an eternall abode in heaven. Chrysostome thought a man could not ⟨p. 53⟩
aTotis licet animae & corporis laboribus desudemus, totis licet obedi•n•i• viribus exerceamur, nihil tamen condignum merito pro coelestibus bonis compensare & offer valebimus, Euseb. Emiss. nomine, homil. 3. ad Monarch.Totis licet animae & corporis laboribus desudemus, totis licet obedi•n•i• viribus exerceamur, nihil tamen condignum merito pro coelestibus bonis compensare & offerre valebimus, Euseb. Emiss. nomine, homil. 3. ad Monarch.
bQuanto labore digna est requies quae non habet finem? Si verum vis computare & verum judicare; aeterna requies aeterno labour rectè emitur. Sed noli timere: miseric•rs est Deus, Aug. in Psal. 93.Quanto labore digna est requies quae non habet finem? Si verum vis computare & verum judicare; aeterna requies aeterno labore rectè emitur. Sed noli timere: miseric•rs est Deus, Aug. in Psal. 93.
cSi h•mo mille annis serviret Deo etiam ferventissimè, no• meretur ex cō digno dimidiam diē esse in regno caelorum, Anselm. de Mensur. cruc. c. 2.Si h•mo mille annis serviret Deo etiam ferventissimè, no• meretur ex cō digno dimidiam diē esse in regno caelorum, Anselm. de Mensur. cruc. c. 2.
*[Greek or Hebrew], Chrysost. in Matth. hom▪ 79.〈non-Latin alphabet〉, Chrysost. in Matth. hom▪ 79.
These men hold that they can by some one good deed of theirs alone, not requite God only for what they have already received of him, (for dthat must be done first, ewhich no man indeed can do, ere they can merit ought at his hands) but engage him also to do further deservedly for them, even to the conferring of life eternal, and celestial glory on them.
These men hold that they can by some one good deed of theirs alone, not requite God onely for what they have alreadie received of him, (for dthat must be done first, ewhich no man indeed can doe, ere they can merit ought at his hands) but engage him also to doe further deservedly for them, even to the conferring of life eternall, and celestiall glory on them.
dFacilius & minus est reddere aequivalens ejus quod quis accepit ab alio, quā eum constituere debitorem: quia ad constituendum eum debitorem requiritur quod plus reddat quam acceperit, ut sic ratione plurium alius efficiatur debitor, Durand. in 2. Sent. d. 27. q. 2.Facilius & minus est reddere aequivalēs ejus quod quis accepit ab alio, quā eum constituere debitorem: quia ad constituendum eum debitorem requiritur quod plus reddat quam acceperit, ut sic ratione plurium alius efficiatur debitor, Durand. in 2. Sent. d. 27. q. 2.
eEtsi proximo forte videatur quis reddere plus quam debeat; Deo tamen nemo unquam reddit quod debet. Ber. de Divers. 36. Et hinc Thom. Bradward. de Caus. Dei, l. 1. c. 39. Nullus potest reddere plenarie debitum quod accepit à Deo, quare nec quicquā mereri ab eo ex pure debito & condigno.Etsi proximo forte videatur quis reddere plus quam debeat; Deo tamen nemo unquam reddit quod debet. Ber. de Divers. 36. Et hinc Thom. Bradward. de Caus. Dei, l. 1. c. 39. Nullus potest reddere plenarie debitum quod accepit à Deo, quare nec quicquā mereri ab eo ex pure debito & condigno.
Thus we have seen, both what they hold, howsoever they seem sometime ashamed of it, and therefore one while deny, what another while they affirm: As also how contrary their presumptuous conceits and positions in this kind are to the humble confessions & acknowledgements of Gods sincere Servants, as well recorded in the Word, as reported else-where, yea frelated, alleged, and taken notice of by themselves.
Thus we have seene, both what they hold, howsoever they seeme sometime ashamed of it, and therefore one while deny, what another while they affirme: As also how contrary their presumptuous conceits and positions in this kinde are to the humble confessions & acknowledgements of Gods sincere Servants, as well recorded in the Word, as reported else-where, yea frelated, alledged, and taken notice of by themselves.
fVide supra ex Bellarm. de Justific. l. 5. c. 7.Vide supra ex Bellarm. de Iustific. l. 5. c. 7.
But to leave them to their *proud and Pharisaical fancies, and return home again to our selves; this lastly should persuade us with the Apostle S. Paul, gto rest content with whatsoever estate God shall see good to place us in,3⟨p. 54⟩with whatsoever he shall please to confer on us, and afford us, or whatsoever he shall think fit to call us unto; considering that we are not worthy of ought, but unworthy wholly of whatsoever we have, be it more or less. And if we be unworthy of what we have, be it never so little; then have we more than we are worthy of, even when we have least: And if we have more than we are worthy of; then have we no cause to repine, murmur, grow discontent, or complain, if we have not so much as such and such have; if we cannot go, or fare as such and such do; if we have not so good trading, or our houses so well furnished, our wives and children so apparelled, as such and such have.
But to leave them to their *proud and Pharisaicall fancies, and returne home againe to our selves; this lastly should perswade us with the Apostle S. Paul, gto rest content with whatsoever estate God shall see good to place us in,3⟨p. 54⟩with whatsoever he shall please to conferre on us, and afford us, or whatsoever he shall thinke fit to call us unto; considering that we are not worthy of ought, but unworthy wholly of whatsoever we have, be it more or lesse. And if we be unworthie of what we have, be it never so little; then have we more than we are worthy of, even when we have least: And if we have more than we are worthy of; then have we no cause to repine, murmure, grow discontent, or complaine, if wee have not so much as such and such have; if we cannot goe, or fare as such and such doe; if we have not so good trading, or our houses so well furnished, our wives and children so apparelled, as such and such have.
*Superbia species est, qua quis credit habere pro meritis suis bona, quae à Deo habet. Gul. Perald. sum. tom. 2. tract. 6. part. 3. c. 2.
1This it is a great fault in the World, in this age of ours especially, an age of excess; wherein heach one striveth to go beyond another, in pride of apparel, in building, in expense in all kind of superfluity and excess; that ilike men that run in a race, we cast our eyes forward on those that go before us, but we forget to look back unto those that come short of us. kMen and women look upon those many times that are of higher degree than themselves, and would fain match them, and go even with them. Or suppose it be but on those, that are of the same rank with themselves: they see how they go, how they fare, how they spend; (and it is many times much more than they are well able to do, or than their means ⟨p. 55⟩will well afford) and because they are loath to come behind any of their own degree; (that they deem were a disgrace to them;) they begin to think thus with themselves; What difference is there betwixt us and them? and why should not we then do as they do? And hence ariseth la discontent in their minds, because they want means to do what they desire. Which their discontent, with their present estate, together with the inordinate and immoderate desire of that which they have not, & fain would have, only because they see others have it; is not only an occasion mto deprive and bereave them (with nHaman, and oAhab) of the comfort and benefit of what they have; but pit is as a grave also, to bury in the thankful remembrance of those manifold mercies that God hath vouchsafed them, above many other, (it may be) even of their own rank; as if God had done nothing for them, (as those murmuring Jews charged him, *Wherein hast ⟨p. 56⟩thou loved us? that is, showed any love to us, done ought for us?) unless they may spend, and go, and be maintained in it, as such and such do. Yea so far oft doth this corruption prevail with not a few, that with qthe Frog in the Fable, they stretch their states so far to get even with others, that at length all cracketh and cometh to nought, and both they and theirs rue it in the end.12
1This it is a great fault in the World, in this age of ours especially, an age of excesse; wherein heach one striveth to goe beyond another, in pride of apparell, in building, in expence in all kinde of superfluitie and excesse; that ilike men that runne in a race, we cast our eies forward on those that goe before us, but we forget to looke backe unto those that come short of us. kMen and women looke upon those many times that are of higher degree than themselves, and would faine match them, and goe even with them. Or suppose it be but on those, that are of the same rancke with themselves: they see how they go, how they fare, how they spend; (and it is many times much more than they are well able to doe, or than their meanes ⟨p. 55⟩will well afford) and because they are loath to come behind any of their owne degree; (that they deeme were a disgrace to them;) they begin to thinke thus with themselves; What difference is there betwixt us and them? and why should not we then doe as they doe? And hence ariseth la discontent in their minds, because they want meanes to doe what they desire. Which their discontent, with their present estate, together with the inordinate and immoderate desire of that which they have not, & faine would have, only because they see others have it; is not only an occasion mto deprive and bereave them (with nHaman, and oAhab) of the comfort and benefit of what they have; but pit is as a grave also, to burie in the thankfull remembrance of those manifold mercies that God hath vouchsafed them, above many other, (it may be) even of their owne ranke; as if God had done nothing for them, (as those murmuring Iewes charged him, *Wherein hast ⟨p. 56⟩
k[Greek or Hebrew]. Plut. de Tranquil.〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Plut. de Tranquil.
l[Greek or Hebrew]. Chrysostom. in 2 Thessal. Homil. 2. Quod enixe concupiscunt ut sit, conta•escunt quod esse non possit, Gilbert. in Can•. 19.〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Chrysostom. in 2 Thessal. Homil. 2. Quod enixe concupiscunt ut sit, conta•escunt quod esse non possit, Gilbert. in Can•. 19.
Again, others having sometime had more plentiful means, and having then (as they might well do) proportioned their expense accordingly thereunto; when it pleaseth God to withdraw that their plenty in part, for causes best known to himself, and it may be among others, to try them, how they will take it, whether they will say with our Saviour, rNot my will, but thy will be done, and so practise what they daily spray; and with Job, tGod hath given, and God hath taken again; blessed be his Name; and uso return God his own with thanks: Yet out of a pride of heart and stoutness of ⟨p. 57⟩stomach, (x Many are humbled, saith Bernard, yet are not humble:) not enduring to strike sail, or to stoop an inch, they will strive to live still according to their former means, and shape their expense not by what they have, but by what they have had: and so whereas the Lord in mercy had yet left them a competency still, ythey cast the helve (as we say) after the hatchet, and overthrow all: Or zthey grow into such inward grief and discontent, because they cannot do still as formerly they have done, as either breaketh their hearts and shorteneth their days, or altogether disableth them unto the cheerful performance of any good office either to God or man.
Againe, others having sometime had more plentifull meanes, and having then (as they might well doe) proportioned their expence accordingly thereunto; when it pleaseth God to withdraw that their plentie in part, for causes best knowne to himselfe, and it may be among others, to trie them, how they will take it, whether they will say with our Saviour, rNot my will, but thy will be done, and so practise what they daily spray; and with Iob, tGod hath given, and God hath taken againe; blessed be his Name; and uso returne God his owne with thankes: Yet out of a pride of heart and stoutnesse of ⟨p. 57⟩stomacke, (x Many are humbled, saith Bernard, yet are not humble:) not enduring to strike saile, or to stoupe an inch, they will strive to live still according to their former meanes, and shape their expence not by what they have, but by what they have had: and so whereas the Lord in mercie had yet left them a competencie still, ythey cast the helve (as we say) after the hatchet, and overthrow all: Or zthey grow into such inward griefe and discontent, because they cannot doe still as formerly they have done, as either breaketh their hearts and shorteneth their dayes, or altogether disableth them unto the cheerefull performance of any good office either to God or man.
rMatth. 26.39. [Greek or Hebrew]; Epicte•. Arian. dissert. l. 2. c. 17. Deus quae voluit qui vult, semper est f••lix. Sic enim •omo […] humanis in divina dirigitur, cum voluntati humanae volunta• divina praefertur. Aug. in Joan. 5•. Vide quid •quiu••it, aut t• voluntati divinae conf•rmando subdere, aut quod ipsa tu• subservia•▪ voluntati▪ Gers••▪••nsol. Theol. l. 2. c. 1.Matth. 26.39. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉; Epicte•. Arian. dissert. l. 2. c. 17. Deus quae voluit qui vult, semper est f••lix. Sic enim •omo 〈…〉 humanis in divina dirigitur, cum voluntati humanae volunta• divina praefertur. Aug. in Ioan. 5•. Vide quid •quiu••it, aut t• voluntati divinae conf•rmando subdere, aut quod ipsa tu• subservia•▪ voluntati▪ Gers nsol. Theol. l. 2. c. 1.
All which corruptions might soon be helped, if we could with Jacob here say, and think as we say; Non sum dignus, Domine; Lord I am not worthy of ought. If we would look out abroad, but acast our eyes now and then on those that have far less than we have. As Aristippus, when a friend of his came to condole with him for some land that he had lost, demanded of him what he had to live on ⟨p. 58⟩himself, and when he made answer that he had but some one small close only, he told him, that bthere was cause rather for Aristippus to bemoan him, than for him to bemoan Aristippus, who had more than thrice as much land still left him to live on than he had. It is hard but we should find some, with cthe Cynic, yea not a few be we never so needy, that would be glad of our relics. Or if we would but dcast our eyes home-ward, and consider our selves, and our own unworthiness of ought, we might soon see how little cause we have to be discontent in such cases. For have we but little left? It is more than we deserve. Hath God taken much from us? he might well have took more. As Anytus, a Gentleman of Athens, told his guests that were at table with him, when Alcibiades a young Gallant came in a revelling humour and took away the one half of his plate that stood either for show or service upon the cupboard, and they marvelled much at it, that Anytus could so take it, affirming that he had dealt very unkindly with them, eNay rather, quoth he, he hath dealt very kindly with us, that he hath left us half, when he might have took all: for it was all his, or at his command. So it is here indeed. He taketh part, that fgave all; and that might therefore as well take all as part; because gall is but his own. They ⟨p. 59⟩tell of a Jewish Doctor, that was called hRabbi This-too, because he used always to say, whatsoever befell him, iThis is good too, and this too, and this too, and this too, &c. And in like manner may we well say, how little soever be left us, This is more than I am worthy of, and this too, and this too, &c. If God shall again and again too, never so often, impair our estates, and by piece-meal withdraw from us what he hath formerly conferred on us:
All which corruptions might soone bee helpt, if wee could with Iacob here say, and thinke as wee say; Non sum dignus, Domine; Lord I am not worthie of ought. If we would looke out abroad, but acast our eyes now and then on those that have farre lesse than wee have. As Aristippus, when a friend of his came to condole with him for some land that hee had lost, demanded of him what he had to liue on ⟨p. 58⟩himselfe, and when hee made answer that hee had but some one small close onely, he told him, that bthere was cause rather for Aristippus to bemoane him, than for him to bemoane Aristippus, who had more than thrice as much land still leaft him to live on than hee had. It is hard but wee should finde some, with cthe Cynick, yea not a few bee wee never so needy, that would bee glad of our reliques. Or if we would but dcast our eyes home-ward, and consider our selves, and our owne vnworthinesse of ought, wee might soone see how little cause wee haue to bee discontent in such cases. For have wee but little leaft? It is more than we deserve. Hath God taken much from us? he might well have tooke more. As Anytus, a Gentleman of Athens, told his guests that were at table with him, when Alcibiades a young Gallant came in a revelling humour and tooke away the one halfe of his plate that stood either for shew or service upon the cupboard, and they marvelled much at it, that Anytus could so take it, affirming that hee had dealt very vnkindly with them, eNay rather, quoth he, hee hath dealt very kindely with us, that hee hath left us halfe, when hee might have tooke all: for it was all his, or at his command. So it is here indeed. Hee taketh part, that fgave all; and that might therefore as well take all as part; because gall is but his owne. They ⟨p. 59⟩tell of a Iewish Doctor, that was called h
a[Greek or Hebrew], Plut de Tranquill. [Greek or Hebrew], Favorin.—majorise pauperiorum Tur•ae comparet.—Horat. S••. 1. Si vis gratus esse adv••su• Deum, & adv. vitam tu•m, cogita quam multos antec•sseris. Cum aspexeris quot •e ant•cedant, cogita qu•• sequantur, Sen. ep. 15. Aspice quanto major pars si• pauperum. Idem ad Helv. c. 12.〈non-Latin alphabet〉, Plut de Tranquill. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉, Favorin.—majorise pauperiorum Tur•ae comparet.—Horat. S••. 1. Si vis gratus esse adv••su• Deum, & adv. vitam tu•m, cogita quam multos antec•sseris. Cum aspexeris quot •e ant•cedant, cogita qu•• sequantur, Sen. ep. 15. Aspice quanto major pars si• pauperum. Idem ad Helv. c. 12.
b[Greek or Hebrew]; Aristip. apud Plut. de Tranquill.〈non-Latin alphabet〉; Aristip. apud Plut. de Tranquill.
c[Greek or Hebrew], Diogen. apud Plut. de pros. not. de muribus; quos & reliquis suis vescentes parasitos suos appellitabat, Laert.〈non-Latin alphabet〉, Diogen. apud Plut. de pros. not. de muribus; quos & reliquis suis vescentes parasitos suos appellitabat, Laert.
d
Puritans
England
Rector of Rotherhithe; member of the Westminster Assembly.
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Sensus est, tali•us hostijs delectatur, sive placatur D•us, ut hab•t cō mentarius Chrysostomi: vel t•libus hostijs pl•cetur Deo, ut exponit Oecumenius, Bellar. de Iustific. l. 5. c. 2.
*Significat Deum delectari bonis, bisque concilia•i, & induci ad benefaciendum ijs qui ben• operantur, Ibid.Significat Deum delectari bonis, •isque concilia•i, & induci ad benefaciendum ijs qui ben• operantur, Ibid.
truely and properly meritoriously, and fully worthie of everlasting life, so that heaven is the due and just stipend or recompence, which God by his justice oweth to persons so working; and that
that not unjustly) not as bold onely, but as blasphemous.
•
Absit ut justi vitam aeternam expectent sicut pauperes •leemosynam, mult• namque gloriosius est ipsos quasi victores & triumphatores eam possidere, tanquam palmam suis sudoribus debitam. Ruard. Tapper. explic. art. Lovan. tom. 2. cap. 9.
gIta ut in bono opere sit quaedā proportio & aequalitas ad praemium vitae aeternae, Ibid.Ita ut in bono opere sit quaedā proportio & aequalitas ad praemium vitae aeternae, Ibid.
hSatis est proportionalis aequalitas, Ibid. c. 18.
iModus futuri judicij erit sec. justitiam commutativam, quoniam Deus non solum constituet proportionalem aequalitatem inter merita & praemia, sed etiam absolutam aequalitatem inter opera & mercedes, Ibid. cap. 14.Modus futuri judicij erit sec. justitiam commutativam, quoniam Deus non solum cōstituet proportionalem aequalitatem inter merita & praemia, sed etiam absolutam aequalitatem inter opera & mercedes, Ibid. cap. 14.
kUbi opus est per se equal mercedi, Ibid. l. 1. c. 21. verè par mercedi, Ibid. l. 5. c. 17.Vbi opus est per se aequale mercedi, Ibid. l. 1. c. 21. verè par mercedi, Ibid. l. 5. c. 17.
lMeritum verè & propriè, Bellar. de poenit. l. 4. c. 8.
mSimpliciter & absolutè tale. Idem de justific. l. 5. c. 18.
nMeritum ex justitia & sec. debitum. Ibid. l. 1. c. 21. Ex justo Dei judicio, Ibid. l. 5. c. 16.
oMeritum ex gratia magis quam justitia: meritum imperfectum, Ibid. l. 1. c. 21. Meritum impetrationis tantum, Ibid. & in Ind•c. de lib. concord. sup.
qDamnatum Parisijs an. Dom. 1354. Fr. Guidonis enunciatum hoc: Quod homo meretur vitam aeternam de condigno: quod si non daretur ei, ficret injuria, & quod Deus faceret sibi injuriam. In Bibliothec. Patr. tom. 4. edit. 2.
rTemerarium & blasphemum esse dicere, Deum fore injustum si meritis hominum justorum non reddat mercedem, &c. Ex Durando Bellarm. de Justific. l. 5. c. 16. Vide Durandum in 2. Sent. d. 27. q. 2. Nam quod Bellarm. promissam, addit, de suo •st.Temerarium & blasphemum esse dicere, Deum fore injustum si meritis hominum justorum non reddat mercedem, &c. Ex Durando Bellarm. de Iustific. l. 5. c. 16. Vide Durandum in 2. Sent. d. 27. q. 2. Nam quod Bellarm. promissam, addit, de suo •st.
I account him therefore the sounder Divine, the better Catholike, (and the Protestants belike then are the better Catholikes herein) and one that agreeth more with Gods word, that simply and utterly denieth such Merit.
Quid dignū facimus ut participes coelestibus fieri inveniamur? &c. Thom. Wald. citante Vega de merit. q. 4.
§Reputo igitur saviorem Theologum, fideliorem Catholicum, & Script. sanctis magis concordem, qui tale Meritum simpliciter abnegat, Idem ibid.Reputo igitur sauiorem Theologum, fideliorem Catholicum, & Script. sanctis magis concordem, qui tale Meritum simpliciter abnegat, Idem ibid.
with a million of good workes doe that, that they thinke they can doe with any one alone. For, so many thousands of them, saith he, cannot in justice deserve the Kingdome of Heaven. Any one alone, say they, of those that we doe, can doe it. Iacob deemed himselfe unable with all that hee had done or could doe, to requite those favors, even in his temporall estate, that God had conferred upon him:
〈non-Latin alphabet〉, idem ibid.
“Non tibi reddit debitam poenam, sed donat indebitā gratian, Aug. in Psa. 31.Non tibi reddit debitam poenam, sed donat indebitā gratiā, Aug. in Psa. 31.
thou loved us? that is, shewed any loue to us, done ought for us?) unlesse they may spend, and goe, and be maintained in it, as such and such doe. Yea so farre oft doth this corruption prevaile with not a few, that with
the Frog in the Fable, they stretch their states so farre to get eaven with others, that at length all cracketh and commeth to nought, and both they and theirs rue it in the end.
p[Greek or Hebrew]. Plut. ibid. Quantumlibet saepe obligati, si quid ••um neges, hoc solum meminirum• quod negatum est, Plin. epist. 4. l. 3. [Greek or Hebrew], Basil. Caesar▪ hom. 5. Quid facit oblivion•m acceptorum? cupiditas accipiendo•um, Sen. epist. 8•. Non quid habeamus, sed qu•d petamus, inspicimus; non in id quod est, sed quod appetitur inten••. Nec e• intu•••r qu• nos alijs praeposu•re; sed ea solum quae praecedentium fortuna osten•a•. Non potest quisquam & invid••e & gratias agere. Jdem de Benes. lib. 3. cap. 3. Non quod hab•t numerat; tantum quod non habet▪ optat. Mani•. Astron•m. l.〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Plut. ibid. Quantumlibet saepe obligati, si quid ••um neges, hoc solum meminirum• quod negatum est, Plin. epist. 4. l. 3. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉, Basil. Caesar▪ hom. 5. Quid facit oblivion•m acceptorum? cupiditas accipiendo•um, Sen. epist. 8•. Non quid habeamus, sed qu•d petamus, inspicimus; non in id quod est, sed quod appetitur inten••. Nec e• intu•••r qu• nos alijs praeposu•re; sed ea solum quae praecedentium fortuna osten•a•. Non potest quisquam & invid••e & gratias agere. Jdem de Benes. lib. 3. cap. 3. Non quod hab•t numerat; tantum quod non habet▪ optat. Mani•. Astron•m. l.
*In quo dilexisti nos? Mal••. 1.2. Et sic •sti, [Greek or Hebrew]; (ita quippe legendum.) [Greek or Hebrew], Plut. de Tranquil.In quo dilexisti nos? Mal••. 1.2. Et sic •sti, 〈non-Latin alphabet〉; (ita quippe legendum.) 〈non-Latin alphabet〉, Plut. de Tranquil.
qInops potentem dumb vult imitari perit. In prato quodam rana conspexit •ovem, Et tacta invidia tantae magnitudinis, Rugosam inflavit pellem; tum na•os suos interrogavit, an •o•e esset •atior. Illi negarunt: rursus in•endit cutem maj••e •isu.—Novissim• indig•nta dun vu•• validius inflar••ese, rupto jacuit▪ corpore. Phaedr. […] 8. Videatur & Horat. serm. l. 2. S•t. •▪ Hi•c Marti••. l. 10. epist. 79. Grandis ut exiguā •os ranam ruperat •li•; Sic, puto, Tor••atu••umpet Ola•ilium▪ Sanum itaque Greg. N•z. consili•m de Euta•. [Greek or Hebrew].Inops potentem dum vult imitari perit. In prato quodam rana conspexit •ovem, Et tacta invidia tantae magnitudinis, Rugosam inflavit pellem; tum na•os suos interrogavit, an •o•e esset •atior. Illi negarunt: rursus in•ēdit cutem maj••e •isu.—Novissim• indig•nta dū vu•• validius inflar••ese, rupto jacuit▪ corpore. Phaedr. 〈…〉 8. Videatur & Horat. serm. l. 2. S•t. •▪ Hi•c Marti••. l. 10. epist. 79. Grandis ut exiguā •os ranam ruperat •li•; Sic, puto, Tor••atu••umpet Ola•ilium▪ Sanum itaque Greg. N•z. consili•m de Euta•. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉.
tJob▪ 1.21. […] sed & dedi•▪ Sen. ep▪ […]. Tu••sti▪ qu••iam tun• erat▪ Bern. de Temp. 110.Iob▪ 1.21. 〈…〉 sed & dedi•▪ Sen. ep▪〈…〉. Tu••sti▪ qu••iam tun• erat▪ Bern. de Temp. 110.
u[Greek or Hebrew]. Epict•t. […]. [Greek or Hebrew]; Idem Arian. dissert. l. 1. c. 11. Ita Hieron. ad Julian. Tulisti libero• q•o• ipse d•deras. Non contrist•r quod recepisti; ag• gratias quod dedisti. Et Juli••. Imper. apud Ammi••▪ l. 25. Vi•am rep•s••nti […] fidei red•• turus exulto.〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Epict•t. 〈…〉. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉; Idem Arian. dissert. l. 1. c. 11. Ita Hieron. ad Iulian. Tulisti libero• q•o• ipse d•deras. Non contrist•r quod recepisti; ag• gratias quod dedisti. Et Iuli••. Imper. apud Ammi••▪ l. 25. Vi•am rep•s••nti 〈…〉 fidei red•• turus exulto.
xQuanti humiliantur, & humiles non sunt? Bern. in Cant. 34. Et nec fractis cervicibus inclinantur, Hieron. ad Aug. epist. 26.
y[Greek or Hebrew], Plut. de Tranquil. Meritò itaqu• Comic. Stitch. 1.2. Eam mulierem sapientem praedica•, quae aequo anim• pati potest sibi esse pejus quam suit.〈non-Latin alphabet〉, Plut. de Tranquil. Meritò itaqu• Comic. Stich. 1.2. Eam mulierem sapientem praedica•, quae aequo anim• pati potest sibi esse pejus quam suit.
z[Greek or Hebrew], Dion. Cass. hist. lib. 57. Apicius cum sestertiûm millies in culinam congessisset, aere alieno oppressus, rationibus inspectis, superfuturum sibi sestertiûm centies computavit, & velut in ultima fame victurus si sestertiûm cent•es vixisset, veneno vitam finivit, Sen. ad Helv. c. 10. Hinc Martial. l. 3. ep. 22. Dederas, Apici, ter trecenties ventri: Sed adhuc supererat centies tibi laxum. Hoc tu gravatus ut famen & sitim, far, summa venenum potion dux•sti▪ N•l est, Apici, tibi gulosius factum.〈non-Latin alphabet〉, Dion. Cass. hist. lib. 57. Apicius cum sestertiûm millies in culinam congessisset, aere alieno oppressus, rationibus inspectis, superfuturum sibi sestertiûm centies computavit, & velut in ultima fame victurus si sestertiûm cent•es vixisset, veneno vitam finivit, Sen. ad Helv. c. 10. Hinc Martial. l. 3. ep. 22. Dederas, Apici, ter trecenties ventri: Sed adhuc supererat centies tibi laxum. Hoc tu gravatus ut famen & sitim, ferre, summa venenum potione dux•sti▪ N•l est, Apici, tibi gulosius factum.
Rabbi This-too, because he used alwaies to say, whatsoever befell him,
This is good too, and this too, and this too, and this too, &c. And in like manner may wee well say, how little soever be leaft us, This is more than I am worthie of, and this too, and this too, &c. If God shall againe and againe too, never so often, impaire our estates, and by peece-meale withdraw from us what hee hath formerly conferred on us:
[Greek or Hebrew],—Homer. Odyss. [Greek or Hebrew] & Diog. apud Laert. & Plu. de Sanit. tuend. Domum redeamus, Cic. Bruto.〈non-Latin alphabet〉,—Homer. Odyss. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉 & Diog. apud Laert. & Plu. de Sanit. tuend. Domum redeamus, Cic. Bruto.
e[Greek or Hebrew], Athen. Dipnosoph. l. 12. Vel ut Plut. in Alcib. [Greek or Hebrew], Puto tamen Plut. ex Athen. castigandum: qui & in Erot. sic extulit, [Greek or Hebrew] ([Greek or Hebrew] Xyland.) [Greek or Hebrew].〈non-Latin alphabet〉, Athen. Dipnosoph. l. 12. Vel ut Plut. in Alcib. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉, Puto tamen Plut. ex Athen. castigandum: qui & in Erot. sic extulit, 〈non-Latin alphabet〉 (〈non-Latin alphabet〉 Xyland.) 〈non-Latin alphabet〉.
i[Greek or Hebrew] Etiā hoc bon•m est; Et hoc etiam; Et hoc; Sic Ezech. Esai. 39.8. Et Antigonus m•rbo correptus levi•s•ulo, [Greek or Hebrew]. Plut. Apophth. [Greek or Hebrew], &c. Plut de Tranquill.〈non-Latin alphabet〉 Etiā hoc bon•m est; Et hoc etiam; Et hoc; Sic Ezech. Esai. 39.8. Et Antigonus m•rbo correptus levi•s•ulo, 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Plut. Apophth. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉, &c. Plut de Tranquill.