Part 3 › Question 35: Quest. 35. Is it certain by the Word of God that all Infants Baptized, and dying before…, A Christian Directory by Richard Baxter (1673) | AskReformation

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Answ. But God is not to be so dishonoured as to be supposed to make such Laws, as shall forbid men the greatest good in the World, and then to tempt them by the greatness of the benefit to take it to be no evil: As if he said, [If Soldiers would go take up a million of Heathens Children and Baptize them, it will put them into an undoubted state of salvation: But yet I forbid them doing it: And if they presently kill them, lest they sin after, they shall undoubtedly be saved; but yet I forbid them doing it.] I need not aggravate this temptation to them that know the power of the Law of nature, which is the Law of Love and good works, and how God that is most Good is pleased in our doing good: Though he tried Abraham's obedience once, as if he should have killed his Son, yet he stopped him before the execution: And doth he ordinarily exercise mens obedience, by forbidding them to save the souls of others, when it is easily in their power? Especially when with the adult the greatest labour and powerfullest Preaching, is frequently so frustrate, that not one of many is converted by it.

Answ. But God is not to be so dishonoured as to be supposed to make such Laws, as shall forbid men the greatest good in the World, and then to tempt them by the greatness of the benefit to take it to be no evil: As if he said, [If Souldiers would go take up a million of Heathens Children and Baptize them, it will put them into an undoubted state of salvation: But yet I forbid them doing it: And if they presently kill them, lest they sin after, they shall undoubtedly be saved; but yet I forbid them doing it.] I need not aggravate this temptation to them that know the power of the Law of nature, which is the Law of Love and good works, and how God that is most Good is pleased in our doing good: Though he tryed Abraham's obedience once, as if he should have killed his Son, yet he stopt him before the execution: And doth he ordinarily exercise mens obedience, by forbidding them to save the souls of others, when it is easily in their power? Especially when with the adult the greatest labour and powerfullest Preaching, is frequently so frustrate, that not one of many is converted by it.

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II. But as to the second question, I answer: 1. It will help us to understand the case the better if we prepare the way by opening the case of the Adult, because in Scripture times, they were the most famous subjects of Baptism. And it is certain of such, 1. That every one outwardly Baptized is not in a state of salvation. That no hypocrite that is not a true penitent believer is in such a state. 2. That every true penitent believer is before God in a state of salvation, as soon as he is such; And before the Church, as soon as he is baptized. 3. That we are not to use the word Baptism as a Physical term only, but as a moral Theological term. Because words (as in Law, physic, &c.) are to be understood according to the art or science in which they are treated of. And Baptism taken Theologically doth as Essentially include the Wills consent or Heart-Covenanting with God, as Matrimony includeth marriage consent, and as a man containeth the soul as well as the body. And thus it is certain that all truly Baptized persons are in a state of salvation; that is, All that sincerely consent to the Baptismal Covenant when they profess consent by Baptism, (but not hypocrites.) 4. And in this sense all the Ancient Pastors of the Churches, did concur that Baptism did wash away all sin, and put the baptized into a present right to life eternal; as he that examineth their Writings will perceive: not the outward washing and words alone, but when the inward and outward parts concur, or when by true faith and repentance, the Receiver hath right to the Covenant of God. 5. In this sense it is no unfit language to imitate the Fathers, and to say that the truly baptized are in a state of Justification, adoption and salvation, unless when mens misunderstanding maketh it unsa•e. 6. The sober Papists themselves say the same thing, and when they have said that even ex opere operato Baptism saveth, they add that it is only the meet Receiver; that is, the penitent believer, and no other of the adult. So that hitherto there is no difference.

II. But as to the second question, I answer: 1. It will help us to understand the case the better if we prepare the way by opening the case of the Adult, because in Scripture times, they were the most famous subjects of Baptism. And it is certain of such, 1. That every one outwardly Baptized is not in a state of salvation. That no hypocrite that is not a true penitent believer is in such a state. 2. That every true penitent believer is before God in a state of salvation, as soon as he is such; And before the Church, as soon as he is baptized. 3. That we are not to use the word Baptism as a Physical term only, but as a moral Theological term. Because words (as in Law, physick, &c.) are to be understood according to the art or science in which they are treated of. And Baptism taken Theologically doth as Essentially include the Wills consent or Heart-Covenanting with God, as Matrimony includeth marriage consent, and as a man containeth the soul as well as the body. And thus it is certain that all truly Baptized persons are in a state of salvation; that is, All that sincerely consent to the Baptismal Covenant when they profess consent by Baptism, (but not hypocrites.) 4. And in this sense all the Ancient Pastors of the Churches, did concur that Baptism did wash away all sin, and put the baptized into a present right to life eternal; as he that examineth their Writings will perceive: not the outward washing and words alone, but when the inward and outward parts concur, or when by true faith and repentance, the Receiver hath right to the Covenant of God. 5. In this sense it is no unfit language to imitate the Fathers, and to say that the truly baptized are in a state of Justification, adoption and salvation, unless when mens misunderstanding maketh it unsa•e. 6. The sober Papists themselves say the same thing, and when they have said that even ex opere operato Baptism saveth, they add that it is only the meet Receiver; that is, the penitent believer, and no other of the adult. So that hitherto there is no difference.