The Doctrine of Justification by Faith

Something may be spoken unto the signification of the word [Greek or Hebrew] ▪ which will give light into the thing intended by it. [Greek or Hebrew] is Vola manus, the palm of the hand; Thence is [Greek or Hebrew], or [Greek or Hebrew], to deliver into the hand. [Greek or Hebrew] is of the same signification. Hence being a Surety is interpreted by striking the hand, Prov. 6.1. My Son if thou be Surety for thy friend, if thou hast stricken thy hand, with a Stranger. So it answers the Hebrew [Greek or Hebrew] which the Lxx render [Greek or Hebrew] Prov. 6.1. Chap. 17.18. Chap. 20.19. and by [Greek or Hebrew] Nehem. 5.3. [Greek or Hebrew] Originally signifies to mingle, or a mixture of any things or persons. And thence from the conjunction and mixture ⟨p. 255⟩that is between a Surety and him for whom he is a Surety, whereby they coalesce into one person, as unto the ends of that Suretyship; it is used for a Surety, or to give Surety. And he that was, or did [Greek or Hebrew] a Surety, or become a Surety, was to answer for him, for whom he was so, whatsoever befell him. So is it described, Gen. 43.9. in the words of Judah unto his Father Jacob, concerning Benjamin. [Greek or Hebrew] I will be Surety for him; of my hand shalt thou require him. In undertaking to be Surety for him, as unto his safety and preservation, he engageth himself to answer for all that should befall him, for so he adds; if I bring him not unto thee, and set him before thee, let me be guilty for ever. And on this ground he entreats Joseph, that he might be a Servant and a Bondman in his stead, that he might go free and return unto his Father, Gen. 44.32, 33. This is required unto such a Surety, that he undergo and answer all that he for whom he is a Surety is liable unto, whether in things criminal, or civil, so far as the Suretyship doth extend. A Surety is an undertaker for another, or others who thereon is justly and legally to answer what is due to them, or from them. Nor is the Word otherwise used. See