A treatise of civil policy

1. Assert. In a free Monarchy (such as Scotland is known to be)¹ by the higher power Rom. 13. is the King principally in respect of dignity understood; but not solely and only, as if inferior Judges were not higher powers. 1. I say in a free Monarchy: For no man can say, that where there is not a King, but only Aristocracy, and government by States, as in Holland, that there the people are obliged to obey the King; and yet this Text, I hope, can reach the consciences of all Holland, that there every soul must be subject to the higher powers, and yet not a subject in Holland is •o be subject to any King: fo• non •ntis nulla •unt accidentia. 2. I said the King in a free Monarchy is here principally understood in regard of dignity, but not in regard of the essence of a magistrate, because the essence ⟨p. 351⟩of a Magistrate doth equally belong to all inferior Magistrates, as to the King, as is already proved, (let the Prelate answer² if he can) for though some Judges be sent by the King, and have from him authority to judge, yet this doth no more prove that inferior Judges are unproperly Judges, and only such by analogy, & not essentially; Then it will prove a Citizen is not essentially a Citizen, nor a Church-officer essentially a Church-officer, nor a son not essentially a living creature, because the former have authority from the Incorporation of Citizens, and of Church-officers, and the latter hath his life by generation from his father, as Gods instrument. For though the Citizen and the Church-officers may be judged by their several Incorporations that made them, yet are they also essentially Citizens and Church-officers, as those who made them such.

1. Assert. In a free Monarchie (such as Scotland is known to be)¹ by the higher power