Of the nature and use of lots a treatise historical and theologicalOf the nature and vse of lots a treatise historicall and theologicall
Of the nature and use of lots a treatise historical and theological; written by Thomas Gataker B. of D. sometime preacher at Lincolns Inn, and now pastor of Rotherhith.Of the nature and vse of lots a treatise historicall and theologicall; written by Thomas Gataker B. of D. sometime preacher at Lincolnes Inne, and now pastor of Rotherhith.
Thomas Gataker 1574–1654London: printed by Edward Griffin, 1619
[12], 360 p. · 94k words · STC 11670 · ESTC S102922
Modern spelling is a reading aid: the words are the author’s, only the spelling is modernized. Original shows the page as printed, with the transcription marks.
§ 9. The last Caution is that no dspecial or immediate decision, no extraordinary work be expected from God for the directing of the Lots in a certain course: nor ought concluded to that purpose out of the event of them. For dto expect any such thing is to presume of more then God hath promised: seeing that ehe hath no where promised any special providence in such cases, to do men right by such means, to justify their quarrels, to direct the Lot as the equity of the cause shall require, or to interpose himself and his providence in such courses otherwise then in any other of our actions, be they casual, contingent or necessary. And therefore to put ought to hazard with expectation of such an act of Gods providence is to presume of that which God hath not promised: (that wherein many of the Heathens Lotteries were not free from some fault) to make trial of it is to tempt God; I mean, to put ought to the hazard of a Lot to this end, thereby to try whether God will in such special manner interpose himself for our benefit, the recovery of our right, or the clearing of our cause; that is in effect, whether he will extraordinarily work for us at our will. Which therefore as to presume or expect before hand without good ground is hardly religious; so to conclude ought to that purpose afterward from the issue and event ⟨p. 114⟩of it, is undoubtedly superstitious.
§ 9. The last Caution is that no dspeciall or immediate decision, no extraordinarie worke bee expected from God for the directing of the Lots in a certaine course: nor ought concluded to that purpose out of the euent of them. For dto expect any such thing is to presume of more then God hath promised: seeing that ehe hath no where promised any speciall prouidence in such cases, to doe men right by such meanes, to iustifie their quarrels, to direct the Lot as the equitie of the cause shall require, or to interpose himselfe and his prouidence in such courses otherwise then in any other of our actions, be they casuall, contingent or necessarie. And therefore to put ought to hazard with expectation of such an act of Gods prouidence is to presume of that which God hath not promised: (that wherein many of the Heathens Loteries were not free from some fault) to make triall of it is to tempt God; I meane, to put ought to the hazard of a Lot to this end, thereby to trie whether God will in such speciall manner interpose himselfe for our benefit, the recouery of our right, or the clearing of our cause; that is in effect, whether he will extraordinarily worke for vs at our will. Which therefore as to presume or expect before hand without good ground is hardly religious; so to conclude ought to that purpose afterward from the issue and euent
dIntentio non sit inquirere voluntat•m Dei modo extraordinario; quia talum dus •mni• è est incertus. Delrio disq. mag. tom. 3. l 4. c. 4. q. 1.
dPeccatum est tē tationis Dei exp•tere a•que exp•ctare à Deo ut ipse sortes dirigat, quando ipse id se facturam non promisit. Bellarm. decler. l. 1. c. 5Peccatum est tē tationis Dei exp•tere a•que exp•ctare à Deo vt ipse sortes dirigat, quando ipse id se facturam non promisit. Bellarm. decler. l. 1. c. 5
eSortibus affu•urum see minimié repromisit. Delrio. mag tom. 3. l. 4. c. 4. q. 1.Sortibus affu•urum se minimié repromisit. Delrio. mag tom. 3. l. 4. c. 4. q. 1.
In Lots therefore of this nature, ethe thing hazarded must be put wholly to fthe casual or uncertain event of the Lot in regard of the act of the Creature, though gnot excluding the providence of God from the action, no more then from other civill affairs managed by counsel and advice; (which he may also, if the thing be weighty, be entreated by prayer to interpose, but so far forth only as he shall see fit) yet hnot expecting any extraordinary or immediate hand of God for the carriage of it so as in right it ought to go, or as is best that it should go: because neither do we know how far forth God seeth it fit to interpose his providence therein, neither hath he left us any promise in his word general or special, that he will immediately at any time or upon any occasion interpose it in that manner. In division therefore of Lands made as equal as may be with conveniency, yet so as there is still some apparent inequality, in regard that the things cannot well otherwise be parted, for a man because in equity he hath right to the best part, as the eldest in an inheritance that goeth equally among all, to expect an extraordinary hand of God for the disposing of it according to the right as in equity it ought to go, is unwarrantable.
In Lots therefore of this nature, ethe thing hazarded must be put wholy to fthe casuall or vncertaine euent of the Lot in regard of the act of the Creature, though gnot excluding the prouidence of God from the action, no more then from other ciuill affaires managed by counsell and aduice; (which he may also, if the thing be weightie, be intreated by praier to interpose, but so farre forth onely as hee shall see fit) yet hnot expecting any extraordinarie or immediate hand of God for the cariage of it so as in right it ought to go, or as is best that it should go: because neither doe we know how farre forth God seeth it fit to interpose his prouidence therein, neither hath he left vs any promise in his word generall or speciall, that he wil immediatly at any time or vpon any occasion enterpose it in that manner. In diuision therefore of Lands made as equall as may be with conueniencie, yet so as there is still some apparent inequalitie, in regard that the things cannot well otherwise be parted, for a man because in equitie he hath right to the best part, as the eldest in an inheritance that goeth equally among all, to expect an extraordinarie hand of God for the disposing of it according to the right as in equitie it ought to go, is vnwarrantable.
eContingit aliquē divisoria sorte uti, non quasi requirat divinum judicium, sed quasi committat fortunae. Thom. desort. c. 5. & Lyra in Prou. c. 16.Contingit aliquē diuisoria sorte vti, non quasi requirat diuinum iudicium, sed quasi committat fortunae. Thom. desort. c. 5. & Lyra in Prou. c. 16.
fJudice fortuna cadat alea. Petron. satir. Fortuna sit optionis judex. Cod. Just. l. 2. tit. 20. & lib. 6. c. 43. leg. 3.Iudice fortuna cadat alea. Petron. satir. Fortuna sit optionis iudex. Cod. Iust. l. 2. tit. 20. & lib. 6. c. 43. leg. 3.
gVisatur Malder. de superstit. c. 7. dub. 9.
hMinus ergo solidum quod Plato de leg l. 6. [Greek or Hebrew]. Sed & quod Aug. Epist. 180. Qui maneant, qui fugiant sorte legenda, &c. quia Deus melius in huiusmodi ambagibus, quám homines judicat. Sed & quae Delrio l. 4. c. 2 q. 3. § 1. contra suam ipsius alibi sententians. & Peuc•r. de divinat. c. de s•rt. & Tolet. in sum. cas. consc. l. 4. c. 15. & Piscat. ad I•n. c. 1.Minus ergo solidum quod Plato de leg l. 6. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Sed & quod Aug. Epist. 180. Qui maneāt, qui fugiant sorte legenda, &c. quia Deus melius in huiusmodi ambagibꝰ, quám homines iudicat. Sed & quae Delrio l. 4. c. 2 q. 3. § 1. contra suam ipsius alibi sententians. & Peuc•r. de diuinat. c. de s•rt. & Tolet. in sum. cas. consc. l. 4. c. 15. & Piscat. ad I•n. c. 1.
As also to conclude, when two stand for a place, that the one is fitter and more sufficient for it then the other, because the question between them being put to Lot, the Lot lighted on him, as if God by that event had given sentence on his side, is no less unwarrantable.
As also to conclude, when two stand for a place, that the one is fitter and more sufficient for it then the other, because the question betweene them being put to Lot, the Lot lighted on him, as if God by that euent had giuen sentence on his side, is no lesse vnwarrantable.
§ 10. The rules then here are first, that Lots determine no right: and that iLots consequently are to be used in these cases not for matter of right, but for matter of fact only, and that not of fact past, but of fact future alone; not kto decide who hath best right to the better part, or who is fittest for the place, but to determine which of them shall have it and enjoy it, or shall go away with it. Else we make it not an ordinary but an extraordinary, not a mere divisory but a divinatory Lot, a Lot for divination, not a Lot only for division, which, as we shall show afterward, is utterly unlawful.
§ 10. The rules then here are first, that Lots determine no right: and that iLots consequently are to be vsed in these cases not for matter of right, but for matter of fact onely, and that not of fact past, but of fact future alone; not kto decide who hath best right to the better part, or who is fittest for the place, but to determine which of them shall haue it and enioy it, or shall go away with it. Else we make it not an ordinarie but an extraordinarie, not a meere diuisory but a diuinatory Lot, a Lot for diuination, not a Lot onely for diuision, which, as we shall shew afterward, is vtterly vnlawfull.
iNon ut per cam decernatur quid in rerū division magis expediat • sed ut quod ratione diffiniri non potest, saltem fortunae relinquatur. Thom. de sort. c. 4.Non vt per cam decernatur quid in rerū diuisione magis expediat • sed vt quod ratione diffiniri non potest, saltem fortunae relinquatur. Thom. de sort. c. 4.
kIn causis judicialibus aut criminalibus uti non licet. Baro in Jen. cap. 1. Nam quod hus traehunt Chytr. in Jud. c. 1. & Lavat. in Prou. c. 16. Judices ita missis in urnam calculis far solitos sententiam, ut albis absoluerent, atris damnarent, &c. nihil quicquam ad sortem pertinet: immit•ebant enim suum quisque calculum qualem ipsi visum, non casu fortuito catrahebant.In causis iudicialibus aut criminalibus vti non licet. Baro in Ien. cap. 1. Nam quod hus traehunt Chytr. in Iud. c. 1. & Lauat. in Prou. c. 16. Iudices ita missis in vrnam calculis ferre solitos sententiam, vt albis absoluerent, atris damnarent, &c. nihil quicquam ad sortem pertinet: immit•ebant enim suum quisque calculum qualem ipsi visum, non casu fortuito catrahebant.
And whereas in terms the civill Lawyers seem to say the contrary, where they say that lLots are to be used not in question of Fact, but in question of Right: yet in sense they accord with that which we here say, the Lawyers meaning being this alone, that Lots are not to be used in question of mFact past, where the question is whether a thing be done or not done; for that is no ordinary Lot able to decide; but where some question is who hath right to a thing, in which case notwithstanding the Lot is not used to determine who in truth hath right to it, but who for peace and quietness sake shall enjoy it, where the right cannot be determined, or who shall have possession of it, till the right be determined.
And whereas in tearmes the ciuill Lawiers seeme to say the contrarie, where they say that lLots are to be vsed not in question of Fact, but in question of Right: yet in sense they accord with that which we here say, the Lawyers meaning being this alone, that Lots are not to be vsed in question of mFact past, where the question is whether a thing be done or not done; for that is no ordinarie Lot able to decide; but where some question is who hath right to a thing, in which case notwithstanding the Lot is not vsed to determine who in truth hath right to it, but who for peace and quietnesse sake shall enioy it, where the right cannot be determined, or who shall haue possession of it, till the right be determined.
lInte•lige quando est questio •uris: secus si facti: quiae tunc non committitur sorti. Gloss. ad Digest. lib. 5. tit. 1. leg. 14. Imol. & Jas apud Gomez ad Taur leg. 38.Inte•lige quando est questio •uris: secus si facti: quiae tunc non committitur sorti. Gloss. ad Digest. lib. 5. tit. 1. leg. 14. Imol. & Ias apud Gomez ad Taur leg. 38.
mSi factum incertum est, dicenti incumbit probatio. Panorm. ad 5. decretal. de sortileg. In facti incertitudine, satius est • prounciare, non liquere, quàm sorti rem commit: ere. Greg. Tholoss. de appell. l. 2. c. 19.
Secondly, that no censure of right or wrong be grounded upon Lots: as that no extraordinary power or providence be expected, so nothing to that purpose upon the event of it be concluded, as ⟨p. 116⟩if it ought to have been or gone so, or it was Gods approving will that it should be so, because so it hath fallen out.
Secondly, that no censure of right or wrong bee grounded vpon Lots: as that no extraordinarie power or prouidence be expected, so nothing to that purpose vpon the euent of it be concluded, as ⟨p. 116⟩if it ought to haue beene or gone so, or it was Gods approuing will that it should be so, because so it hath falne out.
But doth not the work it self, may some say, manifest Gods will? I answer; there is a twofold will of God, a disposing will, and a directing will; a will informing and a will over-ruling: a will prescribing what should be, and a will preordaining what shall be. *When ought therefore is fallen out be it good or bad, it is apparent indeed that it was Gods will either to perform it or to permit it. For nnothing can possibly come to pass either without or against his will. But that it ought in right to have been so, cannot thence be concluded. Else might we conclude that the Jews ought to have crucified Christ, because God suffered them so to do, yea ohe preordained the doing of it. In this case therefore where the matter is put to a Lot by those in whose power it is so to dispose of it, it may be truly said, that it was Gods will, to wit, his disposing will, that the Lot should go as it hath gone: But it is no consequent therefore, that according to Gods directing or informing will, it ought in regard of right so to have gone as it hath.
But doth not the worke it selfe, may some say, manifest Gods will? I answere; there is a twofold will of God, a disposing will, and a directing will; a will enforming and a will ouer-ruling: a will prescribing what should be, and a will preordaining what shall be. *When ought therefore is falne out be it good or bad, it is apparent indeed that it was Gods will either to performe it or to permit it. For nnothing can possibly come to passe either without or against his will. But that it ought in right to haue beene so, cannot thence be concluded. Else might we conclude that the Iewes ought to haue crucified Christ, because God suffred them so to doe, yea ohe preordained the doing of it. In this case therefore where the matter is put to a Lot by those in whose power it is so to dispose of it, it may be truely said, that it was Gods will, to wit, his disposing will, that the Lot should go as it hath gone: But it is no consequent therefore, that according to Gods directing or enforming will, it ought in regard of right so to haue gone as it hath.
*Non fit aliquid, nisi omniposens fieri velit, vel sinendo, vel ipse faciendo. Aug. enchir. c. 95.
§ 1. Hitherto we have considered of the former sort of Ordinary Lots, which we termed Serious because applied to the determining of more serious affairs. We are now to proceed unto the latter sort of them, which some term aSporting, some bLudicrous, some cLusorious Lots; and are such as be used in game, sport or pastime, for recreation and delight. Within which compass I shall make bold to draw in those solemn games, dif we may so term them, eso commonly styled, though indeed rather exercises of valour, strength and activity, or trials of art and skill and dexterity in some faculty, which were so famous and frequent of ancient times both in Greece and Italy, but especially among the Greeks.
§ 1. HItherto we haue considered of the former sort of Ordinary Lots, which wee tearmed Serious because applied to the determining of more serious affaires. We are now to proceede vnto the latter sort of them, which some tearme aSporting, some bLudicrous, some cLusorious Lots; and are such as be vsed in game, sport or pastime, for recreation and delight. Within which compasse I shall make bold to draw in those solemne games, dif we may so tearme them, eso commonly stiled, though indeed rather exercises of valour, strength and actiuitie, or trials of arte and skill and dexteritie in some facultie, which were so famous and frequent of auncient times both in Greece and Italy, but especially among the Greekes.
aPerkins of witchcraft.Perki•s of witchcraft.
bLastly story of Gospel: Sors ludicra.Lastie storie of Gospell: Sors ludicra.
cSerar in Josh. c 7. q. 17.Serar in I•sh. c 7. q. 17.
dAthl•tas artem ludicram non facere. Ulpianus ex responsis Sabini & Cossi• apud Alex. ab Al•genial. di•r. l. 3. c. 9.Athl•tas artem ludicram non facere. Vlpianus ex responsis Sabini & Cossi• apud Alex. ab Al•genial. di•r. l. 3. c. 9.
eLudi O•ympici, &c. Sic Quid. met. l. 1. Instituit sacros celebri certamine ludos. Et Auson. e•log. Quatuor antiquos celebravit Achaia ludos. Quod Arc•isas in Antholog. l. 3 c. 1. [Greek or Hebrew].-Ludi O•ympici, &c. Sic Quid. met. l. 1. Instituit sacros celebri certamine ludos. Et Auson. e•log. Quatuor antiquos celebrauit Achaia ludos. Quod Arc•isas in Antholog. l. 3 c. 1. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉.-
In or about Game therefore is a Lot said to be used, when either the joining and beginning, or the issue and event of it is put to some casualty either in whole or in part.
In or about Game therefore is a Lot said to be vsed, when either the ioyning and beginning, or the issue and euent of it is put to some casualty either in whole or in part.
So that the kinds and courses here used are divers. For sometime the joining or beginning of a game or sport only is put to a Lot: As when by it is determined who shall play and who stay out, or who shall join on a side: which in shooting is done usually by shuffling of arrows together behind ⟨p. 118⟩some one mans back, and then casting them aside the one half one way and the other half an other way; in bowling by casting a certain number of bowls belonging to several men out of one mans arms at once, and those mating whose bowls meet nearest together: Or of the two sides whether shall lead and begin; which at Tables is decided commonly by the casting of most points; in Chess-play by turning a pawn on the board according to the colour of the square or quarter that it stayeth or resteth upon, or by the ones guessing at two pawns hid in the others two hands. fThus at those famous Olympic games the wrestlers and Combatants were conjoined by pairs (as the Runners and Riders by fours, or more) gas they drew the like letters, and took their turns according to the order of those letters, hthe odd man, if any were, undertaking him that had the better of that pair that fought last. Thus as there, so elsewhere ⟨p. 119⟩also iat Chariot-drivings and Horse-races, as also at krunning or lrowing for wagers and the like, the Contendents had their stations or standings assigned them likewise by Lot: yea and, as *some guess, the Combatants also their weapons. Beside that in mshooting and nsinging or playing and the like, where two at once could not show their skill, they had their turns and courses determined by Lot. And othe Masters of the Revels at Athens had the Minstrels of the City by Lot shared among them. And if in any of these exercises it were ambiguous who had done best, or who indeed had won the wager, two, it may be, pat once coming home to the goal, or the like, qit was (it seemeth) in the power of the Triers either to part it between them or to put it to Lot whether of the two should have the prize due to the Victor.
So that the kindes and courses here vsed are diuers. For sometime the ioyning or beginning of a game or sport onely is put to a Lot: As when by it is determined who shall play and who stay out, or who shall ioyne on a side: which in shooting is done vsually by shuffling of arrowes together behinde ⟨p. 118⟩some one mans backe, and then casting them aside the one halfe one way and the other halfe an other way; in bowling by casting a certaine number of boules belonging to seuerall men out of one mans armes at once, and those mating whose bowles meete neerest together: Or of the two sides whether shall leade and beginne; which at Tables is decided commonly by the casting of most points; in Ches-play by turning a pawne on the bord according to the colour of the square or quarter that it staieth or resteth vpon, or by the ones guessing at two pawnes hidde in the others two hands. fThus at those famous Olympicke games the wrestlers and Combatants were conioyned by paires (as the Runners and Riders by foures, or more) gas they drew the like letters, and tooke their turnes according to the order of those letters, hthe odde man, if any were, vndertaking him that had the better of that paire that fought last. Thus as there, so elsewhere ⟨p. 119⟩also iat Charet-driuings and Horse-races, as also at krunning or lrowing for wagers and the like, the Contendents had their stations or standings assigned them likewise by Lot: yea and, as *some guesse, the Combatants also their weapons. Beside that in mshooting and nsinging or playing and the like, where two at once could not shew their skill, they had their turnes and courses determined by Lot. And
fHellanodicae Elide [Greek or Hebrew] ( ••a reponit Sylburg. quod vulgo perp• ram [Greek or Hebrew]) [Greek or Hebrew]. Pausan. Eliac. 2. Et ibid. [Greek or Hebrew]. Hinc Pollu•il. 3. c. 30. §. 4. [Greek or Hebrew]. Et [Greek or Hebrew]: ut Eustath. ad Iliad. [Greek or Hebrew]. quod melius tamen Etymol. [Greek or Hebrew]. Sed & Palaestram [Greek or Hebrew]. Petr. Fab. again. l. 1. c. 24 deducit quod verius [Greek or Hebrew]. Etymol. Facit huc quod Plutarch. de tranquill. [Greek or Hebrew] &c. Et quod Gellius n•ct. Attic lib. 5. cap. 9. de Athleta muto, qui cùm sortitionem non bona fide fieri, sortemque nomi•is falsam subijci animaduertisset, in vocem n•nquam prius locutus erupit. Et quod ex Aristot. Rhetor. lib. 2. cap. 20. super cap. 5 § 5.Hellanodicae Elide 〈non-Latin alphabet〉 ( ••a reponit Sylburg. quod vulgo perp• ram 〈non-Latin alphabet〉) 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Pausan. Eliac. 2. Et ibid. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Hinc Pollu•il. 3. c. 30. §. 4. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Et 〈non-Latin alphabet〉: vt Eustath. ad Iliad. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. quod melius tamen Etymol. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Sed & Palaestram 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Petr. Fab. ag•n. l. 1. c. 24 deducit quod verius 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Etymol. Facit huc quod Plutarch. de tranquill. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉 &c. Et quod Gellius n•ct. Attic lib. 5. cap. 9. de Athleta muto, qui cùm sortitionem non bona fide fieri, sortemque nomiis falsam subijci animaduertisset, in vocem nnquam prius locutus erupit. Et quod ex Aristot. Rhetor. lib. 2. cap. 20. super cap. 5 § 5.
Again in lesser yet and lighter matters, when in private they were disposed to be merry together, ⟨p. 120⟩they drew Lots sometime rwho should tell his tale first, or swho should first read the riddle or assoil some question propounded with a reward for him that could read it aright, or twho appose either other in some school-question, or the like.
Againe in lesser yet and lighter matters, when in priuate they were disposed to be merry together, ⟨p. 120⟩they drew Lots sometime rwho should tell his tale first, or swho should first reade the riddle or assoile some question propounded with a reward for him that could reade it aright, or twho appose either other in some schoole-question, or the like.
rNow draweth •ots, or that ye further t••n: The which that hath the shortest shall begin. Chaucer. Canterb. tales.Now draweth •ots, or that yee further t••n: The which that hath the shortest shall begin. Chaucer. Canterb. tales.
sQuicaenulam ordine suo curabat, praemium soluen lae q•aes•i•nis pon•bat, •otiaemque res quaereb•t, quot homines isthic eramus; quumque eas omnes exposuerat, locum •icendi sors dabat: quaestio autem non soluta ad cū transmittebatur qui sort•ò succ•sserat. Gellius nect. Attic. lib. 18. c. 2Quicaenulam ordine suo curabat, praemium soluen lae q•aes•i•nis pon•bat, •otiaemque res quaereb•t, quot homines isthic eramus; quumque eas omnes exposuerat, locum •icendi sors dabat: quaestio autem non soluta ad cū transmittebatur qui sort•ò succ•sserat. Gellius nect. Attic. lib. 18. c. 2
t[Greek or Hebrew]. Plutar. sympos. l. 9. c. 3.〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Plutar. sympos. l. 9. c. 3.
And lastly as in their merry meetings they udrew Lots commonly *for some one of the Company to be Master or Moderator of their mirth: not altogether unlike the custom of choosing King and Queen used in many Countries at some special times, save that they did it usually xwith dice or the like, ythese with a bean and a pease, the former whereof they used in choice of their Magistrates: So the younger sort had za sport of choosing them a King by Lot, who was to enjoin the rest what he would, and they to do what he enjoined them; in which kind as *Cyrus his carriage though a child and in a childish sport, yet discovered in him a kingly spirit and courage, so 1Athanasius his acting ⟨p. 121⟩of a Bishop among Boys like himself in the like, is reported to have given a grave Bishop that beheld it good hope, that he would indeed prove that, which afterward he did, succeeding him in his Sea.
And lastly as in their merry meetings they udrew Lots commonly *for some one of the Company to be Master or Moderator of their mirth: not altogether vnlike the custome of chusing King and Queene vsed in many Countries at some speciall times, saue that they did it vsually xwith dice or the like, ythese with a beane and a pease, the former whereof they vsed in choise of their Magistrates: So the younger sort had za sport of chusing them a King by Lot, who was to enioyne the rest what he would, and they to doe what he enioyned them; in which kinde as *Cyrus his cariage though a child and in a childish sport, yet discouered in him a kingly spirit and courage, so 1Athanasius his acting ⟨p. 121⟩of a Byshop among Boyes like himselfe in the like, is reported to haue giuen a graue Byshop that beheld it good hope, that he would indeede proue that, which afterward he did, succeeding him in his Sea.
uIn conuivijs qui sunt institu•i p•tandi (malè vulgò, putandi) Modiperatores Magist•i. Varro rerum human. l. 20. apud Nonium. [Greek or Hebrew] Graecis: de quibus Plutarch sympos. l. 1 q. 4.In conuiuijs qui sunt institu•i p•tandi (malè vulgò, putandi) Modiperatores Magist•i. Varro rerum human. l. 20. apud Nonium. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉 Graecis: de quibus Plutarch sympos. l. 1 q. 4.
*Hinc Agesilaus [Greek or Hebrew] interrogatus à ministris quantum vini singulu assignare•, [Greek or Hebrew], inquit, [Greek or Hebrew]. Plut. apophth.Hinc Agesilaus 〈non-Latin alphabet〉 interrogatus à ministris quantum vini singulu assignare•, 〈non-Latin alphabet〉, inquit, 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Plut. apophth.
xNec viniregus sorti•re talis. Hor. car. l. 1. od. 4. Et ib -quē Venus arbit•ū Dicet bibendi.-i. jactus Venereus, •• Cicer. de divin. l. 1.Nec viniregus sorti•re talis. Hor. car. l. 1. od. 4. Et ib -quē Venus arbit•ū Dicet bibendi.-i. iactꝰ Venereꝰ, •• Cicer. de diuin. l. 1.
yEti. • hodie in Epiphanijs rex conui•ij fabis de. igitur. Er•s chil 6. cent. 4. a•a. 37. Apud Gallos in Epiph regessortiuntur. Srar in
§ 2. Now in these cases a Lot is used though about game, yet rather out of it then in it, only to make a beginning and entrance into it: But otherwhiles it is used for the directing of the game it self and the issue of it either in part or in whole.
§ 2. Now in these cases a Lot is vsed though about game, yet rather out of it then in it, onely to make a beginning and entrance into it: But otherwhiles it is vsed for the directing of the game it selfe and the issue of it either in part or in whole.
In part only, as in those games, wherein beside the Lot, art and industry is required for the further managing of that which hath thereby been allotted: as in many games at Cards and Tables, wherein a Lot is indeed used for the distributing of the Cards amongst the Gamesters, and in assigning each of them his chance, thereby ministering unto them matter further to work on; but there is art and skill beside that to be employed by them for the managing of their game, and for the working upon that which casualty hath cast on them. Which kind of game that it was not either unknown unto, or unusual among the ancients, beside aother evidences, hereby appeareth, in that bthey many times compare mans life to such games, wherein a man cannot make choice of his own chance, but yet ⟨p. 122⟩by art and skill is to make the best use he can of that which doth casually befall him.
In part onely, as in those games, wherein beside the Lot, arte and industrie is required for the further managing of that which hath thereby been allotted: as in many games at Cards and Tables, wherein a Lot is indeede vsed for the distributing of the Cards amongst the Gamsters, and in assigning each of them his chance, thereby ministring vnto them matter further to worke on; but there is arte and skil beside that to be imployed by them for the managing of their game, and for the working vpon that which casualty hath cast on them. Which kind of game that it was not either vnknowne vnto, or vnusuall among the auncients, beside aother euidences, hereby appeareth, in that bthey many times compare mans life to such games, wherein a man cannot make choise of his owne chaunce, but yet ⟨p. 122⟩by arte and skill is to make the best vse hee can of that which doth casually befall him.
a[Greek or Hebrew]. Eustath. Odys. [Greek or Hebrew]. Et tamen [Greek or Hebrew]. Hesych. Unde [Greek or Hebrew] Crateti dictum. Pollux l. 7. c. 33. § 10. Et [Greek or Hebrew]. Ibid. Undè [Greek or Hebrew] Sophocli: Et [Greek or Hebrew] Proverbio celebris. Idē l 9. c. 7.〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Eustath. Odys. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Et tamen 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Hesych. Vnde 〈non-Latin alphabet〉 Crateti dictum. Pollux l. 7. c. 33. § 10. Et 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Ibid. Vndè 〈non-Latin alphabet〉 Sophocli: Et 〈non-Latin alphabet〉 Prouerbio celebris. Idē l 9. c. 7.
b[Greek or Hebrew]. Plutar. ad Apollon. c•nsol. [Greek or Hebrew]. Idem de tranquill. Ita vita est hominum, quasi cùm Judas tesseris, Si illud quod est maxumè opus i•ctu non cadit, Illud quod cecidit fortè, id art ut c•rrig•s. Terent. Adelph act. 4. scen. 7. Et Ovidius art. amand. lib. 3. Sed minimus lab•r est sapienter jactibus uti: Maius opus mores composuisse suos.〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Plutar. ad Apollon. c•nsol. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Idem de tranquill. Ita vita est hominum, quasi cùm Iudas tesseris, Si illud quod est maxumè opus i•ctu non cadit, Illud quod cecidit fortè, id arte vt c•rrig•s. Terent. Adelph act. 4. scen. 7. Et Ouidius art. amand. lib. 3. Sed minimus lab•r est sapienter iactibus vti: Maius opus mores composuisse suos.
In whole, where the Lot absolutely determineth the issue, as not only in divers games both cat dice and cards wherein nothing is further looked after but the fall of the dice, either dwho throweth most or whose chance cometh first, and ethe goodness or the fitness, as it is accounted, of the chance, or of the cards; but in sundry other sports also, not unknown wholly to the ancient, as, beside that fMication or Shifting of fingers which we spake of before, gused much still in Italy as well in sport as otherwise, in divers other childish pastimes as hCockall, iEven and Odd, Heads and Points, kCross and Pile, and the like, the most whereof we find either wholly the same or very near the same to have been anciently used.
In whole, where the Lot absolutely determineth the issue, as not onely in diuers games both cat dice and cards wherein nothing is further looked after but the fall of the dice, either dwho throweth most or whose chance commeth first, and ethe goodnesse or the fitnesse, as it is accounted, of the chance, or of the cards; but in sundry other sports also, not vnknowne wholy to the auncient, as, beside that fMication or Shifting of fingers which wee spake of before, gvsed much still in Italy as well in sport as otherwise, in diuers other childish pastimes as hCockall, iEuen and Odde, Heads and Points, kCrosse and Pile, and the like, the most whereof we finde either wholy the same or very neere the same to haue beene aunciently vsed.
c[Greek or Hebrew] ad q•ā Paulus allusit Ephes. 4.14. d• qua Cic. de divin. 2. In talis tesserisque temeritas & casus, non ratio nec consilium valet. Itaque Hesych. [Greek or Hebrew].〈non-Latin alphabet〉 ad q•ā Paulus allusit Ephes. 4.14. d• qua Cic. de diuin. 2. In talis tesserisque temeritas & casus, non ratio nec consilium valet. Itaque Hesych. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉.
d[Greek or Hebrew]. Pollux l. 9. c. 7.〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Pollux l. 9. c. 7.
e[Greek or Hebrew] Pollux ibid.〈non-Latin alphabet〉 Pollux ibid.
fMicatione certant Hymenaus & Amor apud Nonnum Dionys. l. 33.
gFalkenberg. ad Nonn.
h[Greek or Hebrew]. Eustath. Odyss. [Greek or Hebrew]. Pollux l. 9. c 7. quem vise. Non mea magnanimo depugnat tessera tal•. Mar•. l. 13. epist. 1. Cùm steterit nullus vultu tibi talus codem, Munera me dices magna dediss• tibi. Idem lib. 14. epigr. 15. &c.〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Eustath. Odyss. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Pollux l. 9. c 7. quem vise. Non mea magnanimo depugnat tessera tal•. Mar•. l. 13. epist. 1. Cùm steterit nullus vultu tibi talus codem, Munera me dices magna dediss tibi. Idem lib. 14. epigr. 15. &c.
the Masters of the Reuels at Athens had the Minstrels of the City by Lot shared among them. And if in any of these exercises it were ambiguous who had done best, or who indeede had won the wager, two, it may be,
it was (it seemeth) in the power of the Triers either to part it betweene them or to put it to Lot whether of the two should haue the prize due to the Victor.
•
•
gO• [Greek or Hebrew], &c. [Greek or Hebrew]. Lucian. Hermotin. sive de sectis.O•〈non-Latin alphabet〉, &c. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Lucian. Hermotin. siue de sectis.
h[Greek or Hebrew]. Lucian. ibid. Hine [Greek or Hebrew] dicti, Pollux l. 3. c. 30. §. 4. De quibus Plin. Sec. ep. 14. lib. 8. In spectaculis quibusdam sors aliquem se•onit ac seruat, qui cum victor• contendat. Huc allusisse Pau•um 1. Cor. 4 9. Scalig. putat ad Manil. Allusit certè credo Christus Apoc. 3.11.〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Lucian. ibid. Hine 〈non-Latin alphabet〉 dicti, Pollux l. 3. c. 30. §. 4. De quibus Plin. Sec. ep. 14. lib. 8. In spectaculis quibusdam sors aliquem se•onit ac seruat, qui cum victor• contendat. Huc allusisse Pau•um 1. Cor. 4 9. Scalig. putat ad Manil. Allusit certè credo Christus Apoc. 3.11.
i[Greek or Hebrew]. Pausan. Eliac 2 Sic [Greek or Hebrew] &c. Et S• pho•l. Electr. [Greek or Hebrew]. - Sed & Stat. Theb. 6. Et jam sortitus Proteus versarat ahena Casside: jamque locus cuique est, & liminis ordo.〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Pausan. Eliac 2 Sic 〈non-Latin alphabet〉 &c. Et S• pho•l. Electr. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. - Sed & Stat. Theb. 6. Et iam sortitus Proteus versarat ahena Casside: iamque locus cuique est, & liminis ordo.
k[Greek or Hebrew]. Pausan. Elia•. 2. [Greek or Hebrew]. De Theagene Heli•dor. Aeth. l. 4.〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Pausan. Elia•. 2. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. De Theagene Heli•dor. Aeth. l. 4.
lPrima pares ineunt gra•ibus certamin• remis, Quat•er ex omni delectae class carinae. (Sig•oque designato) Tum loca sorte legunt. - Virg. Aen. l. 5.Prima pares ineunt gra•ibus certamin• remis, Quat•er ex omni delectae classe carinae. (Sig•oque designato) Tum loca sorte legunt. - Virg. Aen. l. 5.
*Pe•r. Faber agonist. l. 1. c. 24. ex illis Apo••o•. Argon. 2. [Greek or Hebrew].Pe•r. Faber agonist. l. 1. c. 24. ex illis Apo••o•. Argon. 2. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉.
mConuenere viri (colum•ā petituri) deiectamque area sortem Ac•epit galeae: & primus - ante emnes exit locus Hippo•oentis. Virg. Ae•. 5.Conuenere viri (colum•ā petituri) deiectamque area sortem Ac•epit galeae: & primus - ante emnes exi• locꝰ Hippo•oentis. Virg. Ae•. 5.
nNomensuum in alb• pro•tentium •itb•raedorum ju••it adscribi, sorticul•que in urnam cum caeteris demissa, intravit ordine suo. Suct. Nerone c. 21. Hi•c Ovid. Metam. 5. Tunc sine sorte prior, quae se certare professa est, Bella ca•it super•m. - [Greek or Hebrew] &c. Nonmus Dionys. l. 19. de musico certamine. Et Lucian. [Greek or Hebrew] &c. [Greek or Hebrew], &c. Vise & Aristidem de Rhetor. ad Platon.Nomensuum in alb• pro•tentium •itb•raedorum iu••it adscribi, sorticul•que in vrnam cum caeteris demissa, intrauit ordine suo. Suct. Nerone c. 21. Hi•c Ouid. Metam. 5. Tunc sine sorte prior, quae se certare professa est, Bella ca•it super•m. - 〈non-Latin alphabet〉 &c. Nonmus Dionys. l. 19. de musico certamine. Et Lucian. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉 &c. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉, &c. Vise & Aristidem de Rhetor. ad Platon.
o[Greek or Hebrew] Dim•sth. in Midiam. [Greek or Hebrew]. Ibid. [Greek or Hebrew]. Antipho de Choreuta.〈non-Latin alphabet〉 Dim•sth. in Midiam. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Ibid. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Antipho de Choreuta.
pHinc Chrysippi disceptatio in lib. [Greek or Hebrew], cui•• meminit Plut. in Stoic. contradict.Hinc Chrysippi disceptatio in lib. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉, cui•• meminit Plut. in Stoi•. contradict.
q[Greek or Hebrew]. malè vulgò [Greek or Hebrew].〈non-Latin alphabet〉. malè vulgò 〈non-Latin alphabet〉.
Eti. • hodie in Epiphanijs rex conui•ij fabis de. igitur. Er•s chil 6. cent. 4. a•a. 37. Apud Gallos in Epiph regessortiuntur. S•rar in I•sh c. 7 q. •7.
z[Greek or Hebrew]. Pollux l 9. c. 7. Fests Saturno di•bus inter alia aequalium ludi•ra, regnū lusu s•rti•ntium, ene•erat •a sors Neroni. T•e annal. l. 13. [Greek or Hebrew]. Arian. Epict. l. 1. c 25. Et Lucian, in Saturnal. [Greek or Hebrew], &c.〈non-Latin alphabet〉. P•llux l 9. c. 7. Fest•s Saturno di•bus inter alia aequalium ludi•ra, regnū lusu s•rti•ntium, ene•erat •a sors Neroni. T•e annal. l. 13. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Arrian. Epict. l. 1. c 25. Et Lucian, in Saturnal. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉, &c.
*Cyrus puer rex inter ludentes sor•• delectus, &c. Inst in. hist. l. 1.
1[Greek or Hebrew], &c. quod conspicatus Alexander [Greek or Hebrew], Athanasi• diligen•ius educand• curavit. ex R•fino Socr. hist. l. 1. c. 15. & Aldhelm de land. Virg. c. 16.〈non-Latin alphabet〉, &c. quod conspicatus Alexander 〈non-Latin alphabet〉, Athanasi• diligen•ius educand• curauit. ex R•fino Socr. hist. l. 1. c. 15. & Aldhelm de land. Virg. c. 16.
•
i[Greek or Hebrew]. Aristoph. in Plut. & Di•n. Chrysos•. •rat. 26. [Greek or Hebrew]. Aristot. de divinat. per insom. Et in Rhetor. cap. 3. [Greek or Hebrew], &c. Ludere par impar.- Horat. serm lib. 2. sat. 3. & Suet. Aug. cap. 71. [Greek or Hebrew]. Schol. Aristoph. [Greek or Hebrew]. Pollux lib. 7. cap. 33. §. 10. [Greek or Hebrew]. Idem lib. 9. cap. 7. Hinc Mart. lib. 14. epigr. 18. Alea parua nuces.- Et Ovid. •uce: Est etiam, par sit numerus qui dic•t, an impar; Ut divinatas auferat augur opes. [Greek or Hebrew]. Plut. sympos. l. 9. probl. 12.〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Aristoph. in Plut. & Di•n. Chrysos•. •rat. 26. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Aristot. de diuinat. per insom. Et in Rhetor. cap. 3. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉, &c. Ludere par impar.- Horat. serm lib. 2. sat. 3. & Suet. Aug. cap. 71. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Schol. Aristoph. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Pollux lib. 7. cap. 33. §. 10. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Idem lib. 9. cap. 7. Hinc Mart. lib. 14. epigr. 18. Alea parua nuces.- Et Ouid. •uce: Est etiam, par sit numerus qui dic•t, an impar; Vt diuinatas auferat augur opes. 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. Plut. sympos. l. 9. probl. 12.
kI•a fuisse signatum as bodi•que intelligitur in •leae•usu, cùm pueri denarios in sublime jactantes, capita aut navia, l•su teste vetustatis, excla•mant. Macrob. Sat. l. 1. c. 7. Non absimilis [Greek or Hebrew]. Pollux lib. 9. cap. 7. Vise Erasm. chill. 2. cent. 1. adag. 51.I•a fuisse signatum as bodi•que intelligitur in •leae•usu, cùm pueri denarios in sublime iactantes, capita aut nauia, l•su teste vetustatis, excla•mant. Macrob. Sat. l. 1. c. 7. Non absimilis 〈non-Latin alphabet〉. P•llux lib. 9. cap. 7. Vise Erasm. chil. 2. cent. 1. adag. 51.
