A discourse of the religion anciently professed by the Irish and British. By James Usher Archbishop of Armagh, and Primate of IrelandA discourse of the religion anciently professed by the Irish and Brittish. By Iames Vssher Archbishop of Armagh, and Primate of Ireland
James Ussher 1581–1656London: printed by Robert for Partners of the Irish Stock, 1631London: printed by Robert for Partners of the Irish Stocke, 1631
[8], 133, [11] p. · 37k words · STC 24549 · ESTC S118950
Modern spelling is a reading aid: the words are the author’s, only the spelling is modernized. Original shows the page as printed, with the transcription marks.
The number of the good, Gildas complaineth to ⟨p. 68⟩have been lso exceeding short in his time among the Britons, in comparison of the other; that their mother the Church in a manner did not see them lying in her own lap, albeit they were the only true sons which she had. And for external pressures, our Doctors have delivered, that mthe Church sometimes is not only afflicted, but also defiled with such oppressions of the Gentiles; that if it were possible, her redeemer might seem for a time utterly to have forsaken her: and that, in the raging times of Antichrist,n the Church shall not appear; by reason that the wicked persecutors shall then exercise their cruelty beyond all measure. that in those otimes of Antichrist, not only more often and more bitter torments shall be put upon the faithful, than before were wont to be; but (which is more grievous) the working of miracles also shall accompany those that inflict the torments: as the Apostle witnesseth, saying; Whose coming is after the working of Satan, with all seduction, signs, and lying wonders. namely, pjuggling ones: as it was foretold before; They shall show such signs that, if it were possible, the very elect should be deceived, by such a fantastical power, as Jamnes and Mambres wrought withal before Pharaoh.q What unbeliever ⟨p. 69⟩therefore (say they) will then be converted unto the faith? and who is he that already believeth, whose faith trembleth not and is not shaken? when the persecutor of piety is the worker of wonders: and the same man that exerciseth cruelty with torments, that Christ may be denied; provoketh by miracles, that Antichrist may be believed? And r
what a pure and a single eye is there need of, that the way of wisdom may be found; against which so great deceivings and errors of evil and perverse men, do make such a noise? all which notwithstanding men must pass through; and so come to most certain peace, and the unmoveable stability of wisdom.
The number of the good, Gildas complaineth to ⟨p. 68⟩have beene lso exceeding short in his time among the Britons, in comparison of the other; that their mother the Church in a manner did not see them lying in her own lap, albeit they were the onely true sonnes which she had. And for externall pressures, our Doctors have delivered, that mthe Church sometimes is not only afflicted, but also defiled with such oppressions of the Gentiles; that if it were possible, her redeemer might seeme for a time utterly to have forsaken her: and that, in the raging times of Antichrist,n the Church shall not appeare; by reason that the wicked persecutors shall then exercise their cruelty beyond all measure. that in those otimes of Antichrist, not onely more often and more bitter torments shall be put upon the faithfull, than before were wont to be; but (which is more grievous) the working of miracles also shall accompany those that inflict the torments: as the Apostle witnesseth, saying; Whose comming is after the working of Satan, with all seduction, signes, and lying wonders. namely, pjuggling ones: as it was foretold before; They shall shew such signes that, if it were possible, the very elect should bee deceived, by such a phantasticall power, as Iamnes and Mambres wrought withall before Pharao.q What unbeleever ⟨p. 69⟩therefore (say they) will then bee converted unto the faith? and who is hee that already beleeveth, whose faith trembleth not and is not shaken? when the persecuter of piety is the worker of wonders: and the same man that exerciseth crueltie with torments, that Christ may be denyed; provoketh by miracles, that Antichrist may bee beleeved? And rwhat a pure and a single eye is there need of, that the way of wisedome may be found; against which so great deceivings and errours of evill and perverse men, doe make such a noyse? all which notwithstanding men must passe through; and so come to most certaine peace, and the unmoveable stabilitie of wisedome.
lExceptis paucia, & valdè, paucis, qui (ob amissioné. tan•ae multitudinis, quae quotidiè p•ona ruit ad tartara) tam brevis numeri habentur; ut •os quodammodò venerabilis matter Ecclesia in suo sinu recumber•es non videat, quos solos veros filios habet. Gild. epist.Exceptis paucia, & valdè, paucis, qui (ob amissioné. tan•ae multitudinis, quae quotidiè p•ona ruit ad tartara) tam brevis numeri habentur; ut •os quodammodò venerabilis mater Ecclesia in suo sinu recumber•es non videat, quos solos veros filios habet. Gild. epist.
mNonnunquam Ecclesia antis gentilium pressuris, non solùm aftlicta, sed & faedata est; ut, si fieri possit, redemptor ipsius cam prorsus de•eruisse ad tempus videretur. Claud. lib. 2. in Matth.Nonnunquam Ecclesia •ntis gentilium pressuris, non solùm aftlicta, sed & faedata est; ut, si fieri possit, redemptor ipsius cam prorsus de•eruisse ad tempus videretur. Claud. lib. 2. in Matth.
nEcclesia non apparebit, impiis tunc persecutoribus ultra modum saevientibus. Id. lib. 3. in Matth.
oTemporibus Antichristi non solum tormenta crebtiora & acerbiora, quàm priùs consueverant, ingerenda sunt fidelibus; sed (quod gravius est) signorum quoque operatio eos qui tormenta ingerunt, comitabitur: tests Apostolo, qui ait; Cujus est adventus secundùm operationem Satanae, in omni seductiorie, signis, & prodiglis mendacii. Id. lib. c•d.
pPraestiglosis: sicut antè praedictum est; Dabunt signa, ita ut seducantur, si fieri potest, etiam electi. per phantasticam virtutem: ficut Jamnes & Mambres coram Pharaone •ecerunt. Sedul. in • Thes. 2.Praestiglosis: sicut antè praedictum est; Dabunt signa, ita ut seducantur, si fieri potest, etiam electi. per phantasticam virtutem: ficut Iamnes & Mambres coram Pharaone •ecerunt. Sedul. in • Thes. 2.
qQuis ergo ad fidem convertitur incredulus? cujus jam credentis non pavet & concutitur fides? quando persecut•r pietatis fit etiam operator virtutis: idemque ipse qui tormentis […] ut Christus negetur, provocat miraculis ut Antichristo […]. Claud. lib. 3. in Matth.Quis ergo ad fidem convertitur incredulus? cujus jam credentis non pavet & concutitur fides? quando persecut•r pietatis fit etiam operator virtutis: idemque ipse qui tormentis 〈…〉 ut Christus negetur, provocat miraculis ut Antichristo 〈…〉. Claud. lib. 3. in Matth.
rQuàm ergo mundo & simplici oculo opus est, ut inveniatur via sapientiae, cui tantae malorum & perversorum hominum deceptions erroresque obstrepunt? quas omnes necesse est evadere, hoc est, venire ad certissimam pacem, & immobilem stabilitatem sapientiae. Id. lib. 1. in Matth.Quàm ergo mundo & simplici oculo opus est, ut inveniatur via sapientiae, cui tantae malorum & perversorum hominum deceptiones erroresque obstrepunt? quas omnes necesse est evadere, hoc est, venire ad certissimam pacem, & immobilem stabilitatem sapientiae. Id. lib. 1. in Matth.
Hence concerning Miracles, they give us these instructions. First, that sneither if an Angel should show himself unto us to seduce us, being suborned with the deceits of his father the devil, ought he to prevail against us; neither if a miracle should be done by any one, as it is said of Simon Magus that he did fly in the air:t neither that signs should terrify us, as done by the Spirit; because that our Saviour also hath given us warning of this before-hand. (Matth. 24. 24, 25.) Secondly, that uthe faith having increased, miracles were to cease; forasmuch as they are declared to have been given for their sakes that believe not. and therefore that xnow when the number of the faithful is grown, there be many within the holy Church that retain the life of virtues, ⟨p. 70⟩and yet have not those signs of virtues: because a miracle is to no purpose showed outwardly, if that be wanting which it should work inwardly. For according to the saying of the Master of the Gentiles; Languages are for a sign, not to the faithful but to infidels. (1 Cor. 14. 22.) Thirdly, that the working of miracles is no good argument to prove the holiness of them that be the instruments thereof: and therefore ywhen the Lord doth such things for the convincing of infidels, he yet giveth us warning that we should not be deceived thereby, supposing invisible wisdom to be there, where we shall behold a visible miracle. For he saith: Many shall say unto me in that day, Lord, Lord; have we not prophesied in thy name, and in thy name cast out Devils, and in thy name done many miracles? (Matth. 7. 22) Fourthly, that zhe tempteth God, who for his own vain glory will make show of a superfluous and unprofitable miracle. such as that (for example) was, whereunto the Devil tempted our Saviour, Matth. 4. 6. to come down headlong from the pinnacle of the Temple unto the plain, aevery miracle being vain, which worketh not some profit unto mans salvation. Whereby we may easily discern, what to judge of that infinite number of idle miracles, wherewith the lives of our Saints are every where stuffed: many whereof we may justly censure (as bAmphilochius doth the tales that the Poets tell of their Gods) for
[Greek or Hebrew],
Fables, of laughter worthy, and of tears;
⟨p. 71⟩Yea some of them also we may rightly brand, as
[Greek or Hebrew]
Unseemly fables, and Devils documents.
Hence concerning Miracles, they give us these instructions. First, that sneyther if an Angel should shew himselfe unto us to seduce us, being suborned with the deceits of his father the divell, ought he to prevaile against us; neither if a miracle should be done by any one, as it is said of Simon Magus that he did flye in the ayre:t neyther that signes should terrifie us, as done by the Spirit; because that our Saviour also hath given us warning of this before-hand. (Matth. 24. 24, 25.) Secondly, that uthe faith having increased, miracles were to cease; forasmuch as they are declared to have beene given for their sakes that beleeve not. and therefore that xnow when the number of the faithfull is growne, there bee many within the holy Church that retaine the life of vertues, ⟨p. 70⟩and yet have not those signes of vertues: because a miracle is to no purpose shewed outwardly, if that bee wanting which it should worke inwardly. For according to the saying of the Master of the Gentiles; Languages are for a signe, not to the faithfull but to infidels. (1 Cor. 14. 22.) Thirdly, that the working of miracles is no good argument to prove the holinesse of them that bee the instruments thereof: and therefore ywhen the Lord doth such things for the convincing of infidels, he yet giveth us warning that we should not bee deceived thereby, supposing invisible wisedome to bee there, where we shall behold a visible miracle. For hee saith: Many shall say unto me in that day, Lord, Lord; have wee not prophesied in thy name, and in thy name cast out Divels, and in thy name done many miracles? (Matth. 7. 22) Fourthly, that zhe tempteth God, who for his own vaine glory will make shew of a superfluous and unprofitable miracle. such as that (for example) was, whereunto the Divel tempted our Saviour,
sNec si se Angelus nobis ostendat, ad seducendos nos subornatus fallaciis patris sui Diaboli, praevalere debebit adversum nos: neque si virtus ab aliquo facta siet, sicut dicitur à Simone Mago in aäre volâsse. Sedul. in Rom. 8.
tNeque signa vos terreant, tanquam per Spiritum facta: quia hoc & Salvator praemonuit. Id. in 2 Thess. 2.
uHic ostenditur, crescente fide signa cessare: quando fidelium causâ danda esse praedicantur. Id. in 1 Corinth. 14.
xUnde nunc cùm fidelium numerositas excrevit, intra sanctam Ecclesiam multi sunt qui vitam virtutum tenet, & signa virtutum non habent: quia frustrà miraculum foris ostenditur, si deest quod intùs operetur. Nam juxta Magistri Gentium vocem: Linguae in signum sunt, non fidelibus sed in fidelibus. Claud. lib. 1 in Matth.Vnde nunc cùm fidelium numerositas excrevit, intra sanctam Ecclesiam multi sunt qui vitam virtutum tenent, & signa virtutum non habent: quia frustrà miraculum foris ostenditur, si deest quod intùs operetur. Nam iuxta Magistri Gentium vocem: Linguae in signum sunt, non fidelibus sed in fidelibus. Claud. lib. 1 in Matth.
yQualia propter infideles cùm fecerit Dominus, monuit tamen ne talibus decipiamur, arbitran•es ibi esse invisibilem sapientiam, ubi miraculum visibile viderimus. Adiungit ergo & dicit, Multi dicent mihi in illâ die, Domine, Domine: […] in nomine tuo prophetavimus, & in tuo nomine daemonia eiecimus, & in tuo nomine virtutes multas fecimus? Id. lib. eod.Qualia propter infideles cùm fecerit Dominus, monuit tamen ne talibus decipiamur, arbitran•es ibi esse invisibilem sapientiam, ubi miraculum visibile viderimus. Adiungit ergo & dicit, Multi dicent mihi in illâ die, Domine, Domine: 〈…〉 in nomine tuo prophetavimus, & in tuo nomine daemonia eiecimus, & in tuo nomine virtutes multas fecimus? Id. lib. eod.
zIlle Deum tentat, qui jactantiae suae vitio, superfluam & inutilem vult ostentare virtutem. Quid e•im utilitatis habet, quid commodi confert, si praeceps hin in plana descendero? &c. Id. lib. eod.
For what (for example) can be more unseemly, and tend further to the advancement of the doctrine of devils, than that which Cogitosus relateth in the life of S. Brigid? that she, for saving the credit of a Nun that had been gotten with child, cblessed her faithfully forsooth (for so the author speaketh) and so caused her conception to vanish away, without any delivery and without any pain. which for the saving of St. Brigid's own credit, either dHen. Canisius or the friars of Aichstad (from whom he had his copy of Cogitosus) thought fit to scrape out, and rather to leave a blank in the book, than to suffer so lewd a tale to stand in it. But I will not stir this puddle any further: but proceed on, unto some better matter.
For what (for example) can be more unseemely, and tend further to the advancement of the doctrine of divels, than that which Cogitosus relateth in the life of S. Brigid? that she, for saving the credit of a Nunne that had beene gotten with childe, cblessed her faithfully forsooth (for so the author speaketh) and so caused her conception to vanish away, without any delivery and without any paine. which for the saving of St. Brigids owne credit, eyther dHen. Canisius or the friars of Aichstad (from whom he had his copie of Cogitosus) thought fit to scrape out, and rather to leave a blanke in the booke, than to suffer so lewd a tale to stand in it. But I will not stirre this puddle any further: but proceed on, unto some better matter.
cCogitos. Vit. Brigid. in exemplaribus Mso. antiquiss. Bibliothec Cottonianae, & Ecclesiae Sarisburiensis.Cogitos. Vit. Brigid. in exemplaribus MSo. antiquiss. Bibliothec Cottonianae, & Ecclesiae Sarisburiensis.
dTom. 5. Antiqu. lection. in lacunâ, sub •• nem, pag. 629.
And now are we come at last to the great Point, that toucheth the Head and the foundation of the Church. Concerning which Sedulius observeth, that the title of efoundation is attributed both to Christ, and to the Apostles and Prophets. that where it is said, Isaiah 28. 16. Behold, I lay in Zion a stone, &c. fit is certain, that by the rock or stone Christ is signified. that, in Ephes. 2. 20.g the Apostles are the foundation, or Christ rather the foundation of the Apostles. For Christ (saith he) is the foundation, who is also called the corner stone, joining and holding together the two walls. ⟨p. 72⟩Therefore is he the foundation and chief stone; because in him the Church is both founded and finished. and we are to account the Apostles has Ministers of Christ, and not as the foundation. The famous place, Matthew 16. 18. (whereupon our Romanists lay the main foundation of the Papacy) Claudius expoundeth in this sort. iUpon this rock will I build my Church, that is to say, upon the Lord and Saviour, who granted unto his faithful knower, lover, and confessor the participation of his own name; that from petra (the rock) he should be called Peter. The Church is builded upon him: because only by the faith and love of Christ, by the receiving of the Sacraments of Christ, by the observation of the commandments of Christ, we come to the inheritance of the elect and eternal life, as witnesseth the Apostle, who saith, Other foundation can no man lay beside that which is laid, which is Christ Jesus.
And now are wee come at last to the great Point, that toucheth the Head and the foundation of the Church. Concerning which Sedulius observeth, that the title of efoundation is attributed both to Christ, and to the Apostles and Prophets. that where it is said, Esay 28. 16. Behold, I lay in Sion a stone, &c. fit is certaine, that by the rocke or stone Christ is signified. that, in Ephes. 2. 20.g the Apostles are the foundation, or Christ rather the foundation of the Apostles. For Christ (saith hee) is the foundation, who is also called the corner stone, joyning and holding together the two wals. ⟨p. 72⟩Therefore is hee the foundation and chiefe stone; because in him the Church is both founded and finished. and we are to account the Apostles has Ministers of Christ, and not as the foundation. The famous place, Matthew 16. 18. (whereupon our Romanists lay the maine foundation of the Papacie) Claudius expoundeth in this sort. iVpon this rocke will I build my Church, that is to say, upon the Lord and Saviour, who granted unto his faithfull knower, lover, and confessor the participation of his owne name; that from petra (the rocke) hee should be called Peter. The Church is builded upon him: because onely by the faith and love of Christ, by the receiving of the Sacraments of Christ, by the observation of the commandements of Christ, wee come to the inheritance of the elect and eternall life, as witnesseth the Apostle, who saith, Other foundation can no man lay beside that which is laid, which is Christ Iesus.
eFundamenta.] Christum, & Apostolos, & Prophetas. Sedul. in Hebr. 11.
fCompertum est in petrâ vel lapide Christum esse significatum. Id. in Rom. 9.
gApostoli fundamentum sunt, vel Christus fundamentum est Apostolorum. Christus est fundamentum, qui etiam lapis dicitur angularis, duos conjungens & continens parietes. Ideò hic fundamentum & summus est lapis; quia in ipso & fundatur, & consummatur Ecclesia. Id. in Ephes. 2.
hUt ministros Christi: non ut fundamentum. Id. in 1 Cor. 4.Vt ministros Christi: non ut fundamentum. Id. in 1 Cor. 4.
iSuper hanc petram aedificabo ecclesiam meam, id est, super Dominū salvatorem, qui fideli suo cognitori, amatory, confessori, participium sui nominis donavit, ut scilicet à petrâ Petrus vocaretur. Aedificatur Ecclesia: quia non nisi per fidem & dilectionem Christi, per susceptionem sacramentorum Christi, per observantiam mandatorum Christi, ad sortem. electorum & aeternam pertingitur vitam, Apostolo attestante qui ai•; Fundamentum enim aliud nemo potest ponere praeter id quod positum est, qui est Christus Jesus. Claud. lib. 2. in Matth.Super hanc petram aedificabo ecclesiam meam, id est, super Dominū salvatorem, qui fideli suo cognitori, amatori, confessori, participium sui nominis donavit, ut scilicet à petrâ Petrus vocaretur. Aedificatur Ecclesia: quia non nisi per fidem & dilectionem Christi, per susceptionem sacramentorum Christi, per observantiam mandatorum Christi, ad sortem. electorum & aeternam pertingitur vitam, Apostolo attestante qui ai•; Fundamentum enim aliud nemo potest ponere praeter id quod positum est, qui est Christus Iesus. Claud. lib. 2. in Matth.
Yet doth the same Claudius acknowledge, that kSt. Peter received a kind of primacy for the founding of the Church (in respect whereof he termeth him lEcclesiae principem, and mApostolorum principem, the prince of the Church, and the prince or chief of the Apostles) but he addeth with all, that Saint Paul also was chosen in the same manner, to have the primacy in founding the Churches of the Gentiles. and that he nreceived this gift from God, that he should be worthy ⟨p. 73⟩to have the primacy in preaching to the Gentiles, as Peter had it in the preaching of the Circumcision. and therefore that oSt. Paul challengeth this grace as granted by God to him alone, as it was granted to Peter alone among the Apostles. and that he esteemed himself pnot to be inferior unto St. Peter, because both of them were by one ordained unto one and the same ministry. and that writing to the Galatians,q he did in the title name himself an Apostle of Christ, to the end that by the very authority of that name he might terrify his readers; judging, that all such as did believe in Christ, ought to be subject unto him.
Yet doth the same Claudius acknowledge, that kSt. Peter received a kinde of primacy for the founding of the Church (in respect whereof hee termeth him lEcclesiae principem, and mApostolorum principem, the prince of the Church, and the prince or chiefe of the Apostles) but hee addeth with all, that Saint Paul also was chosen in the same manner, to have the primacy in founding the Churches of the Gentiles. and that hee nreceived this gift from God, that hee should bee worthy ⟨p. 73⟩to have the primacie in preaching to the Gentiles, as Peter had it in the preaching of the Circumcision. and therefore that oSt. Paul challengeth this grace as granted by God to him alone, as it was granted to Peter alone among the Apostles. and that hee esteemed himselfe pnot to be inferiour unto St. Peter, because both of them were by one ordained unto one and the same ministery. and that writing to the Galatians,q he did in the title name himselfe an Apostle of Christ, to the end that by the very authority of that name hee might terrifie his readers; judging, that all such as did beleeve in Christ, ought to be subject unto him.
kPettum solum nominat, & sibi comparat: quia primatum ipse accepit ad fundandam Ecclesiam: se quoque pari modo electum, ut primatum habeat in fundandis Gentium Ecclesiis. Id. in Galat. 2.
nAb his itaque probatum dicit donum quod accepit à Deo, ut dignus essect habere primatum in praedicatione Gentium, sicut & habebat Petrus in predication Circumcisionis. Id. in Gal. 2.Ab his itaque probatum dicit donum quod accepit à Deo, ut dignus essect habere primatum in praedicatione Gentium, sicut & habebat Petrus in praedicatione Circumcisionis. Id. in Gal. 2.
oGratiam sibi soli primus vendicat concessam à Deo, sicut & soli Petro concessa est inter Apostolos. Id. ibid.
pNon illi sum inferior; quia ab uno sumus ambo in unum ministerium ordinati. Id. ibid.
qApostolum se Christi titulo praenotavit, ut ex ipsâ lecturos nominis auctoritate terreret; judicans omnes, qui in Christo crederent, debere sibi esse subjectos. Id. in Gal. 1.
It is furthermore also observed by Claudius, that ras when our Saviour propounded the question generally unto all the Apostles, Peter did answer as one for all; so what our Lord answered unto Peter, in Peter he did answer unto all. and therefore showsoever the power of loosing and binding might seem to be given by the Lord unto Peter alone, yet without all manner of doubt it is to be known, that it was given unto the rest of the Apostles also: as himself doth witness, who appearing unto them after the triumph of his passion and resurrection, breathed on them, and said unto them all; Receive the holy Ghost, whose sins ye remit, they are remitted unto them, and whose sins ye retain they are retained. Gildas the Briton goeth further, affirming that tto the true Priest ⟨p. 74⟩it is said; Thou art Peter, and upon this rock I will build my Church. that uto Peter and his successors our Lord saith; And unto thee will I give the Keys of the Kingdom of heaven. and consequently, that xunto every holy Priest it is promised: Whatsoever thou shalt bind on earth, shall be bound likewise in heaven; and whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth, shall be loosed likewise in heaven. Whereupon he pronounceth of the good Priests of Britain; that they ydo lawfully obtain the Apostolical state, and zlawfully sit in the chair of St. Paul: and on the other side of the bad, that awith unclean feet they usurp the seat of the Apostle Peter, but by the demerit of their covetousness fall into the pestilent chair of the traitor Judas; and so the ordainers of such, place bafter a sort Judas the betrayer of our Lord, in the seat of Peter.
It is furthermore also observed by Claudius, that ras when our Saviour propounded the question generally unto all the Apostles, Peter did answer as one for all; so what our Lord answered unto Peter, in Peter he did answer unto all. and therefore showsoever the power of loosing and binding might seeme to be given by the Lord unto Peter alone, yet without all manner of doubt it is to be knowne, that it was given unto the rest of the Apostles also: as himselfe doth witnesse, who appearing unto them after the triumph of his passion and resurrection, breathed on them, and said unto them all; Receive the holy Ghost, whose sinnes ye remit, they are remitted unto them, and whose sins ye retaine they are retained. Gildas the Briton goeth further, affirming that tto the true Priest ⟨p. 74⟩it is said; Thou art Peter, and upon this rocke I will build my Church. that uto Peter and his successors our Lord saith; And unto thee will I give the Keyes of the Kingdome of heaven. and consequently, that xunto every holy Priest it is promised: Whatsoever thou shalt binde on earth, shalbe bound likewise in heaven; and whatsoever thou shalt loose on earth, shalbe loosed likewise in heaven. Whereupon hee pronounceth of the good Priests of Brittaine; that they ydoe lawfully obtaine the Apostolicall state, and zlawfully sit in the chaire of St. Paul: and on the other side of the bad, that awith uncleane feete they usurpe the seate of the Apostle Peter, but by the demerit of their covetousnesse fall into the pestilent chaire of the traytor Iudas; and so the ordainers of such, place bafter a sort Iudas the betrayer of our Lord, in the seate of Peter.
rNam sicut interrogatis generaliter omnibus, Petrus respondit unus pro omnibus: ita quod Petro Dominus respondit, in Petro omnibus respondit. Id. lib. 2. in Matth.
sQuae solvendi ac ligandi potestas, quamvis solely Petro data videatur à Domino; absque ullâ tamen dubietate noscendum est, quia & caeteris Apostolis datur: ipso teste, qui post passionis resurrectionisque suae triumphum apparens eis insufflavit, & dixit omnibus: Accipite Spiritum sanctum, quorum remiscritis peccata, remittuntur eis, & quorum retinueritis, rerenta sunt. Id. lib. eod.Quae solvendi ac ligandi potestas, quamvis soli Petro data videatur à Domino; absque ullâ tamen dubietate noscendum est, quia & caeteris Apostolis datur: ipso teste, qui post passionis resurrectionisque suae triumphum apparens eis insufflavit, & dixit omnibus: Accipite Spiritum sanctum, quorum remiscritis peccata, remittuntur eis, & quorum retinueritis, rerenta sunt. Id. lib. eod.
tVero sacerdoti dicitur: Tu es Petrus, & super hanc petram aedificabo ecclesiam meam. Gild. epist.
uPetro ejusque successoribus dicit Dominus: Et tibi dabo claves regni coelorum. Ibid.
xItemque omni sancto sacerdoti promittitur: Et quaecunque solveris super terram, erunt soluta & in coelo; & quaecunque ligaveris super terram, erunt ligata & in coelo. Ibid.
yApostolicam sedem legitimè obtinent. Ibid.
zSi hunc vos Apostoli retinetis in omnibus affectum; ejus quoque cathedrae legitimè insider noscatis. Ibid.Si hunc vos Apostoli retinetis in omnibus affectum; ejus quoque cathedrae legitimè insidere noscatis. Ibid.
aSedem Petri Apostoli immundis pedibus usurpantes; sed merito cupiditatis in Judae traditoris pestilentem cathedram decidentes. Ibid.Sedem Petri Apostoli immundis pedibus usurpantes; sed merito cupiditatis in Iudae traditoris pestilentem cathedram decidentes. Ibid.
bJudam quedam modo in Petri cathedrâ Domini traditorem statuunt. Ibid.Iudam quedam modo in Petri cathedrâ Domini traditorem statuunt. Ibid.
Lastly, as Claudius noteth, thatc the foundation of the Church was laid not only upon St. Peter, but also upon St. John: so in a certain Hymn supposed to be written by Secundinus (known in this country commonly by the name of St. Scachlin) in the year of our Lord CCCCXLVIII. St Patrick also is thus commended. dHe is constant in the fear of God, and unmovable in the faith, upon whom the Church is builded as upon Peter; whose Apostleship also he hath obtained from God, and the gates of Hell shall not prevail against him. yeae Christ is there said to have chosen him for his Vicar upon earth. His See likewise of Armagh, is by one ⟨p. 75⟩Calvus Perennis in the days of Brian king of Ireland (who was slain, as appeareth byf Marianus in the year 1014.) termedg the City Apostolic. So Desiderius Bishop of Cahors in France, is by our countryman Gaellus saluted bothh Papa and Apostolicus: and the Bishop of Kildare in Ireland, honoured by Cogitosus, with the stile ofi Summus Sacerdos, and kSummus Pontifex, the highest Priest and the highest Bishop. those titles and prerogatives, which the Pope now peculiarly challengeth unto himself, as ensigns of his Monarchy, being heretofore usually communicated unto other Bishops, when the universal Church was governed by way of Aristocracy.
Lastly, as Claudius noteth, thatc the foundation of the Church was laid not onely upon St. Peter, but also upon St. Iohn: so in a certaine Hymne supposed to be written by Secundinus (knowne in this country commonly by the name of St. Scachlin) in the yeere of our Lord CCCCXLVIII. St Patrick also is thus commended. dHe is constant in the feare of God, and unmovable in the faith, upon whom the Church is builded as upon Peter; whose Apostleship also he hath obtained from God, and the gates of Hell shall not prevaile against him. yeae Christ is there said to have chosen him for his Vicar upon earth. His See likewise of Armagh, is by one ⟨p. 75⟩Calvus Perennis in the dayes of Brian king of Ireland (who was slaine, as appeareth byf Marianus in the yeere 1014.) termedg the Citie Apostolick. So Desiderius Bishop of Cahors in France, is by our countryman Gaellus saluted bothh Papa and Apostolicus: and the Bishop of Kildare in Ireland, honoured by Cogitosus, with the stile ofi Summus Sacerdos, and kSummus Pontifex, the highest Priest and the highest Bishop. those titles and prerogatives, which the Pope now peculiarly challengeth unto himselfe, as ensignes of his Monarchy, being heretofore usually communicated unto other Bishops, when the universall Church was governed by way of Aristocratie.
cSuper ipsos Ecclesiae fit positum fundamentum. Claud. in Gal. 2.
dConstans in Dei timore, & fide immobilis, super quem aedificatur ut Petrum Ecclesia: cujusque Apostolatum à Deo sortitus est, & inferni porta adversus eum non praevalebunt. Hymn in laud. S. Patricij.
eChristus illum sibi elegit in terris Vicarium. Ibid.
fBrianus rex Hiberniae, Parasceve Paschae, sextâ feriâ, IX. Calend. Maii, manibus & mente ad Deum intentus necatur. Marian. Scot. See Caradoc of Lhancarran, in the Chronicle of Wales, pag. 80.
gSanctus Patricius jens ad coelum, mandavit totum fructum laboris sui (tam baptismi, tam causarum quàm eleemosynarum) deserendum esse Apostolicae Urbi, quae Scoticè nominatur Arddmacha. Sic repperi in Bibliothecis Scotorum. Ego scripsi, id est, Calvus Perennis, in conspectu Briani Imperatoris Scotorum. Ex. Vet. Cod. Ecclesiae Armachanae.Sanctus Patricius iens ad coelum, mandavit totum fructum laboris sui (tam baptismi, tam causarum quàm eleemosynarum) deserendum esse Apostolicae Vrbi, quae Scoticè nominatur Arddmacha. Sic repperi in Bibliothecis Scotorum. Ego scripsi, id est, Calvus Perennis, in conspectu Briani Imperatoris Scotorum. Ex. Vet. Cod. Ecclesiae Armachanae.
hDomino semper suo, & Apostolico Patri, Desiderio Papae, Gallus peccator.
iCogitos. in vit. Brigid. tom. 5. antiqu. lect. Henr. Canisii, pag. 625. lin ult.
Master Campion telleth us; thata when Ireland first received Christendom, they gave themselves into the Jurisdiction both spiritual and temporal of the See of Rome. But herein he speaketh without book; of the spiritual jurisdiction untruly, of the temporal absurdly. For from the first legation of Palladius and Patricius, who were sent to plant the faith in this ⟨p. 76⟩country, it cannot be showed out of any monument of antiquity, that the Bishop of Rome did ever send any of his Legates to exercise spiritual jurisdiction here (much less any of his Deputies to exercise jurisdiction temporal) before Gillebertus, quem aiunt primâ functum legation Apostolicae sedis per universam Hiberniam; saith one that lived in his own time, even Bernard himself in the life of Malachi. One or two instances peradventure may be alleged out of some obscure authors, whose names, and times, and authority no man can tell us news of: but unless that which is delivered by Bernard, as the tradition that was current in his time, can be controlled by some record that may appear to have been written before his days; we have small reason to detract any thing from the credit of so clear a testimony.
MAster Campion telleth us; thata when Ireland first received Christendome, they gave themselves into the Iurisdiction both spirituall and temporall of the See of Rome. But herein he speaketh without booke; of the spirituall jurisdiction untruly, of the temporall absurdly. For from the first legation of Palladius and Patricius, who were sent to plant the faith in this ⟨p. 76⟩country, it cannot bee shewed out of any monument of antiquity, that the Bishop of Rome did ever send any of his Legats to exercise spirituall jurisdiction here (much lesse any of his Deputies to exercise jurisdiction temporall) before Gillebertus, quem aiunt primâ functum legatione Apostolicae sedis per universam Hiberniam; saith one that lived in his own time, even Bernard himselfe in the life of Malachias. One or two instances peradventure may be alledged out of some obscure authors, whose names, and times, and authority no man can tell us newes of: but unlesse that which is delivered by Bernard, as the tradition that was current in his time, can bee controlled by some record that may appeare to have beene written before his dayes; we have small reason to detract any thing from the credit of so cleere a testimony.
This country was heretofore, for the number of holy men that lived in it, termed the Island of Saints: of that innumerable company of Saints, whose memory was reverenced here; what one received any solemn canonization from the Pope, before Malachi Archbishop of Armagh, & Laurence of Dublin? who lived, as it were, but the other day. We read of sundry Archbishops that have been in this land: betwixt the days of Saint Patrick and of Malachi, what one of them can be named, that ever sought for a Pall from Rome? Joceline indeed a late Monk of the Abbey of Furness, writeth of St. Patrick; that the Bishop of Rome bconferred the Pall upon him, together with the execution of legatine power in his ⟨p. 77⟩room. But he is well known to be a most fabulous author: and for this particular, Bernard (who was his ancient) informeth us far otherwise; thatc from the very beginning until his time, the metropolitical See of Armagh wanted the use of the Pall. with whom the author of the Annals of Melrose doth fully accord; noting thatd in the year 1151. Pope Eugenius (the same to whom Bernard did write his books de Consideratione) did by his Legate John Papiron transmit four Pals into Ireland; whither a Pall before had never been brought. And therefore Giraldus Cambrensis, howsoever he acknowledgeth that Saint Patrick did echoose Armagh for his seat, and did appoint it to be as it were a metropolitical See, and the proper place of the primacy of all Ireland; yet doth he affirm withal, that in very deedf there were no Archbishops in Ireland, but that Bishops only did consecrate one another, until Johannes Papirio (or Paparo) the Popes Legate brought four Pals thither. whereupon some of our Chroniclers after him, give this note concerning Gelasius, who was at that time Archbishop of Armagh; that ghe is said to have been the first Archbishop, because he used the first Pall: and that others before him were called Archbishops and Primates in name only; for the reverence of Saint Patrick, as the Apostle of that Nation.
This country was heretofore, for the number of holy men that lived in it, termed the Iland of Saints: of that innumerable company of Saints, whose memory was reverenced here; what one received any solemne canonization from the Pope, before Malachias Archbishop of Armagh, & Laurence of Dublin? who lived, as it were, but the other day. We reade of sundry Archbishops that have beene in this land: betwixt the dayes of Saint Patrick and of Malachias, what one of them can be named, that ever sought for a Pall from Rome? Ioceline indeed a late Monke of the Abbey of Furnesse, writeth of St. Patrick; that the Bishop of Rome bconferred the Pall upon him, together with the execution of legatine power in his ⟨p. 77⟩roome. But he is well knowne to be a most fabulous author: and for this particular, Bernard (who was his ancient) informeth us farre otherwise; thatc from the very beginning untill his time, the metropoliticall See of Armagh wanted the use of the Pall. with whom the author of the Annales of Mailros doth fully accord; noting thatd in the yeere 1151. Pope Eugenius (the same to whom Bernard did write his bookes de Consideratione) did by his Legate Iohn Papiron transmit foure Pals into Ireland; whither a Pall before had never beene brought. And therefore Giraldus Cambrensis, howsoever he acknowledgeth that Saint Patrick did echoose Armagh for his seate, and did appoint it to be as it were a metropoliticall See, and the proper place of the primacie of all Ireland; yet doth hee affirme withall, that in very deedf there were no Archbishops in Ireland, but that Bishops only did consecrate one another, untill Iohannes Papirio (or Paparo) the Popes Legate brought foure Pals thither. whereupon some of our Chroniclers after him, give this note concerning Gelasius, who was at that time Archbishop of Armagh; that ghee is said to have beene the first Archbishop, because hee used the first Pall: and that others before him were called Archbishops and Primates in name only; for the reverence of Saint Patrick, as the Apostle of that Nation.
bPallio decoravit, illique vices suas committens atque legatum suum constituens, quaecunque in Hiberniâ gesserat, constituerat, disposuerat, auctoritatis suae munimine confirmavit. Jocelin. vit. Patric. cap. 166.Pallio decoravit, illique vices suas committens atque legatum suum constituens, quaecunque in Hiberniâ gesserat, constituerat, disposuerat, auctoritatis suae munimine confirmavit. Iocelin. vit. Patric. cap. 166.
cMetropoliticae sedi deerat adhuc, & defuerat ab initio pallii usus. Bernard. vit. Malach.
dAnno 1151. Papa Eugenius quatuor pallia per legatum suum Johannem Papirum transmisit in Hiberniam, quò nunquam anteà pallium delatum fuerat. Annal. Coenobij Melros. MS. in Bibliothecâ Cottonianâ.Anno 1151. Papa Eugenius quatuor pallia per legatum suum Iohannem Papirum transmisit in Hiberniam, quò nunquam anteà pallium delatum fuerat. Annal. Coenobij Melros. MS. in Bibliothecâ Cottonianâ.
eApud Ardmacham sibi sedem elegit; quam etiam quasi metropolim constituit & proprium totius Hiberniae primatiae locum. Girald. Cambr. Topograph. Hibern. distinct. 3. cap. 16.
fArchiepiscopi verò in Hiberniâ nulli fuerant; sed tantùm se Episcopi invicem consecrabant: donec Johannes Papyrio Romanae sedis legatus, non multis retrò annis advenit. Hic quatuor pallia in Hiberniam portavit, &c. Ibid. cap. 17.Archiepiscopi verò in Hiberniâ nulli fuerant; sed tantùm se Episcopi invicem consecrabant: donec Iohannes Papyrio Romanae sedis legatus, non multis retrò annis advenit. Hic quatuor pallia in Hiberniam portavit, &c. Ibid. cap. 17.
gHic primus Archiepiscopus dicitur, quia primo pallio usus est. Alii verò ante ipsum solo nomine Archiepiscopi & Primates vocabantur; ob reverentiam & honorem Sancti Patricii, tanquam Apostoli illius gentis. Pembrigius, author. Annal. Hibern. à Guil. Camden edit. Thomas Casaeus in Chronic. Hi•ern. MS. ad ann. 1174.Hic primus Archiepiscopus dicitur, quia primo pallio usus est. Alii verò ante ipsum solo nomine Archiepiscopi & Primates vocabantur; ob reverentiam & honorem Sancti Patricii, tanquam Apostoli illius gentis. Pembrigius, author. Annal. Hibern. à Guil. Camden• edit. Thomas Casaeus in Chronic. Hi•ern. MS. ad ann. 1174.
And indeed it might seem, that the complaint ⟨p. 78⟩made by Anselm in his letters to Muriar dach King of Ireland, thath Bishops here were consecrated by Bishops alone, might somewhat justify the truth of Giraldus his relation; if we did not find a further complaint there also, that they were ofteni ordained by one Bishop only. But as this latter argueth, not the want of a competent number of Bishops in the land (for, as we shall hear presently, they had more than a sufficient number of such) but a neglect of the observance of the Canon provided by the Nicene Fathers in that behalf: so can it not rightly be inferred out of the former, that we had no Archbishops here at that time, but that the Bishops rather did fail much in the Canonical respect which they ought to show unto their Metropolitan. For that the Irish had their Archbishops (beside many other pregnant testimonies that might be produced) Pope Hildebrands own Brief doth sufficiently manifest; which is directedk to Terdeluachus (or Tirlagh) the illustrious King of Ireland, the ARCHBISHOPS, Bishops, Abbots, Nobles, and all Christians inhabiting Ireland. And for the Archbishops of Armagh in particular; it appeareth most evidently by Bernard in the life of Malachi, that they were so far from being Metropolitans and Primates in name only; that they exercised much greater authority before they were put to the charges of fetching Pals from Rome, then ever they did afterward: and that they did not only consecrate Bishops, but erected also new Bishoprics, and Archbishoprics too sometimes, according as they thought fitting.
And indeed it might seeme, that the complaint ⟨p. 78⟩made by Anselme in his letters to Muriar dach King of Ireland, thath Bishops here were consecrated by Bishops alone, might somewhat justifie the truth of Giraldus his relation; if we did not find a further complaint there also, that they were ofteni ordained by one Bishop onely. But as this latter argueth, not the want of a competent number of Bishops in the land (for, as we shall heare presently, they had more than a sufficient number of such) but a neglect of the observance of the Canon provided by the Nicence Fathers in that behalfe: so can it not rightly bee inferred out of the former, that wee had no Archbishops here at that time, but that the Bishops rather did faile much in the Canonicall respect which they ought to shew unto their Metropolitane. For that the Irish had their Archbishops (beside many other pregnant testimonies that might bee produced) Pope Hildebrands owne Briefe doth sufficiently manifest; which is directedk to Terdeluachus (or Tirlagh) the illustrious King of Ireland, the ARCHBISHOPS, Bishops, Abbots, Nobles, and all Christians inhabiting Ireland. And for the Archbishops of Armagh in particular; it appeareth most evidently by Bernard in the life of Malachias, that they were so far from being Metropolitans and Primates in name onely; that they exercised much greater authority before they were put to the charges of fetching Pals from Rome, then ever they did afterward: and that they did not onely consecrate Bishops, but erected also new Bishopricks, and Archbishopricks too sometimes, according as they thought fitting.
hEpiscopi quoque (qui debent esse forma & exemplum aliis Canonicae religionis) inordinatè, sicut audivimus, aut à solis Episcopis, aut in locis ubi ordinari non debent, consecrantur. Anselm. lib. 3. epist. 142.
iDicitur, ab uno Episcopo Episcopum, sicut quemlibet presbyterum, ordinary. Id. ibid. epist. 147.Dicitur, ab uno Episcopo Episcopum, sicut quemlibet presbyterum, ordinari. Id. ibid. epist. 147.
kTerdeluacho inelyto Regi Hiberniae, Archiepiscopis, Episcopis, Abbatibus, Proceribus, omnibusque Christianis Hiberniam inhabitantibus. Gregor. VII. epist. ad Hibern. MS. in Bibitothecâ Cotton.
We read in Nennius, that at the beginning St. Patrick ⟨p. 79⟩lfounded here 365. Churches, and ordained 365. Bishops, beside 3000. Presbyters. In process of time the number of Bishops was dailym multiplied according to the pleasure of the Metropolitan, (whereof Bernard doth much complain) and that, not only so far, that every Church almost had a several Bishop: but also that in somen Townes or Cities there were ordained more than one; yea and oftentimeso Bishops were made without any certain place at all assigned unto them. And as for the erecting of new Archbishoprics: if we believe our Legends,p King Engus and S. Patrick, with all the people, did ordain, that in the City and See of Albeus (which is Emelye, now annexed to Cashell) should be the Archbishopric of the whole Province of Munster. in like manner also,q Brandubh King of the Lagenians, with the consent as well of the Laity as of the Clergy, did appoint that in the City of Ferns (which was the See of Moedog, otherwise called Edanus) should be the Archbishopric of all the Province of Leinster. But Bernards testimony, we have no reason not to believe, relating what was known to be done in his own very time: thatr Celsus ⟨p. 80⟩the Archbishop of Armagh, had of the new constituted another Metropolitical See, but subject to the first See, and to the Archbishop thereof. By which we may see that in the erection of new Archbishoprics and Bishoprics, all things were here done at home, without consulting with the See of Rome for the matter.
We reade in Nennius, that at the beginning St. Patrick ⟨p. 79⟩lfounded here 365. Churches, and ordained 365. Bishops, beside 3000. Presbyters. In processe of time the number of Bishops was dailym multiplyed according to the pleasure of the Metropolitan, (whereof Bernard doth much complaine) and that, not onely so farre, that every Church almost had a severall Bishop: but also that in somen Townes or Cities there were ordained more than one; yea and oftentimeso Bishops were made without any certaine place at all assigned unto them. And as for the erecting of new Archbishoprickes: if we beleeve our Legends,p King Engus and S. Patrick, with all the people, did ordaine, that in the City and See of Albeus (which is Emelye, now annexed to Cashell) should be the Archbishoprick of the whole Province of Mounster. in like manner also,q Brandubh King of the Lagenians, with the consent as well of the Laity as of the Clergie, did appoint that in the Citie of Fernes (which was the See of Moedog, otherwise called Edanus) should bee the Archbishopricke of all the Province of Leinster. But Bernards testimony, wee have no reason not to beleeve, relating what was knowne to be done in his owne very time: thatr Celsus ⟨p. 80⟩the Archbishop of Armagh, had of the new constituted another Metropoliticall See, but subiect to the first See, and to the Archbishop thereof. By which wee may see that in the erection of new Archbishopricks and Bishopricks, all things were here done at home, without consulting with the See of Rome for the matter.
lEcclesias sundavit CCCLXV. Ordinavit Episcopos eodem numero CCCLXV. Presbyteros autem usque ad tria millia ordinavit. Nenn. histor. Brit. MS.Ecclesias sundauit CCCLXV. Ordinavit Episcopos eodem numero CCCLXV. Presbyteros autem usque ad tria millia ordinavit. Nenn. histor. Brit. MS.
mMutabantur & multiplicabantur Episcopi pro libitu metropolitani; ita ut unus Episcopatus uno non esset contentus, sed singulae penè Ecclesiae singulos haberent Episcopos. Bernard. vit. Malach.
nQuòd in villis, vel civitatibus plures ordinantur. Lanfranc. epist. ad Terdeluachum regem Hibern. apud Baron. ann. 1089. num. 16.
oDicitur, Episcopos in terrâ vestrâ passim eligi, & sine certo Episcopatus loco constitui. Anselm. lib. 3. epist. 147. ad Muriardachum regem Hibern.
pRex Engus & S. Patricius, cum omni populo, ordinaverunt Archiepiscopassm Mumeniae in civitare & in sede sancti Albei, qui tunc ab eisdem Archiepiscopus ordinatus est, per seculum. Ex vitâ S. Declani. Rex Engus & Patricius ordinaverunt; ut in civitate & cathedrâ sancti Albei e••et Archiepiscopatus omnium Memonensium semper, Ex vitâ S. Albei.
qFactâ Synodo magnâ in terrâ Laginensium, decrevit rex Brandubh, & tam laici quàm clerici, ut Archiepiscopatus omnium Laginensium semper esset in sede & cathedrâ sancti Moedog. Et tunc sanctus Moedog à multis catholicis consecratus est Archiepiscopus. Ex vit. S. Edani. A rege jam Laginensium Brandubh filio Eathach constitutum est, ut Archiepiscopatus Laginensium in civitate sancti Moedog esset. Ipsa civitas vocatur Ferna, quae est in terrâ gentis Kenselach. Ex vit. S. Molyng.
rErat & altera Metropolitica sedes, quem de novo constituerat Celsus, primae tamen sedi & illius Archiepiscopo subdita tanquam primati. Bernard. in vitâ Malachiae.
As for the nomination and confirmation of the Archbishops and Bishops themselves: we find the manner of advancing Saint Livinus to his Archbishopric thus laid down by Boniface in the description of his life.s When Menalchus the Archbishop was dead, Calomagnus the King of Scots, and the troop of his Officers with the under-courtiers, and the concourse of all that country, with the same affection of heart cried out, that the holy Priest Livinus was most worthily to be advanced unto the honour of this order. The King (more devout than all of them) consenting thereunto, three or four times placed the blessed man in the chair of the Archbishopric with due honour, according to the will of the Lord. In like manner also did tKing Ecgfrid cause our Cuthbert to be ordained Bishop of the Church of Lindisfarne; and King Pepin ugranted the Bishopric of Salzburg to our Virgilius: and Duke Gunzo would havex conferred the Bishopric of Constance upon our Gallus; but that he refused it, andy caused another upon his recommendation to be preferred thereunto.
As for the nomination and confirmation of the Archbishops and Bishops themselves: wee finde the manner of advancing Saint Livinus to his Archbishoprick thus laid downe by Boniface in the description of his life.s When Menalchus the Archbishop was dead, Calomagnus the King of Scots, and the troope of his Officers with the under-courtiers, and the concourse of all that countrey, with the same affection of heart cryed out, that the holy Priest Livinus was most worthily to bee advanced unto the honour of this order. The King (more devout than all of them) consenting thereunto, three or foure times placed the blessed man in the chaire of the Archbishoprick with due honour, according to the will of the Lord. In like manner also did tKing Ecgfrid cause our Cuthbert to be ordained Bishop of the Church of Landisfarne; and King Pipin ugranted the Bishoprick of Salzburg to our Virgilius: and Duke Gunzo would havex conferred the Bishoprick of Constance upon our Gallus; but that he refused it, andy caused another upon his recommendation to be preferred thereunto.
sIllo defuncto, Rex Calomagnus, & eius Palatinorum chorus cum suis subaulicis, totiusque regionis illius confluentiâ, pari cordis affectu conclamaverunt, sanctum Sacerdotem Livinum in honorem huius ordinis dignissimè sublimandum fore. His Rex omnibus devotior consentiens, ter quaterque bearum virum in cathedrâ Archiepiscopatus debito honore, Domino jubente, collocavit. Bonifat. Vit. Livin.
In the book of Landaffe, which is called Tilo ⟨p. 81⟩(either from Teliau the second Bishop of that place, whose life is largely there described; or rather from the place it self, which of old was called* Telio) we read that Germanus and Lupus zdid consecrate chief Doctor over all the Britons inhabiting the right side of Britain, S. Dubricius, being chosen Archbishop by the King and all the Diocese: and that by the grant of Mouric the King, the Nobility, Clergy, and people, they appointed his Episcopal See to be at Landaff. thata Oudoceus, the third Bishop after him, being elected by King Mouric, and the chief of the Clergy and Laity of the whole Diocese, was by them sent to the Archbishop of Canterbury for his consecration. thatb Gucaunus (the 26th. Bishop of that Church) was consecrated by Dunstan Archbishop of Canterbury; the pastoral staff being given him in the Court by Edgar chief King of the English. that next after him,c in the year. ⟨p. 82⟩983. election being made by the Kings and the whole Clergy and people of Glamorgan, and the pastoral staff given in the Court by Ethelred chief King of the English; Bledri was consecrated by the Archbishop of Canterbury, who is there named Albricus. (though in truth, at the year here assigned, Dunstan did still hold the place.) and that after his decease in the year 1022.d by the election of the people and Clergy of Landaff and the Kings of the Britons (namely King Riderch that reigned at that time through all Wales, and Hivel the substitute of the King of Glamorgan) Joseph was consecrated Bishop by Aelnod Archbishop of Canterbury, at the word of Cnut King of England, in whose Court the Pastoral staff was given unto him.
In the booke of Landaffe, which is called Tilo ⟨p. 81⟩(eyther from Teliau the second Bishop of that place, whose life is largely there described; or rather from the place it selfe, which of old was called* Telio) we reade that Germanus and Lupus zdid consecrate chiefe Doctor over all the Britons inhabiting the right side of Britanie, S. Dubricius, being chosen Archbishop by the King and all the Diocesse: and that by the graunt of Mouric the King, the Nobilitie, Clergie, and people, they appointed his Episcopall See to bee at Landaff. thata Oudoceus, the third Bishop after him, being elected by King Mouric, and the chiefe of the Clergie and Laitie of the whole Diocesse, was by them sent to the Archibishop of Canterbury for his consecration. thatb Gucaunus (the 26th. Bishop of that Church) was consecrated by Dunstan Archbishop of Canterbury; the pastorall staffe being given him in the Court by Edgar chiefe King of the English. that next after him,c in the year. ⟨p. 82⟩983. election being made by the Kings and the whole Clergie and people of Glamorgan, and the pastorall staffe given in the Court by Ethelred chiefe King of the English; Bledri was consecrated by the Archbishop of Canterbury, who is there named Albricus. (though in truth, at the yeare here assigned, Dunstan did still hold the place.) and that after his decease in the yeare 1022.d by the election of the people and Clergie of Landaff and the Kings of the Britons (namely King Riderch that reigned at that time through all Wales, and Hivel the substitute of the King of Glamorgan) Ioseph was consecrated Bishop by Aelnod Archbishop of Canterbury, at the word of Cnut King of England, in whose Court the Pastorall staffe was given unto him.
*In the Laws of Howell Dhae it is named Ecclesia Teilau: and so in Caradot of Lhancarvans Chronicle of Wales, pag. 94. Joseph is called Bishop of Teilo, or Landaff.In the Lawes of Howel Dhae it is named Ecclesia Teilau: and so in Caradot of Lhancarvans Chronicle of Wales, pag. 94. Ioseph is called Bishop of Teilo, or Landaff.
zSuper omnes Britannos dextralis partis Britanniae B. Dubticium summum Doctorem, à Rege & ab omni parochiâ electum Archiepiscopum, consecraverunt. Hâc dignitate ei à Germano & Lupo datâ; constituerunt ei Episcopalem sedem concessu Mourici Regis, Principum, Cleri & populi, apud Podium Lantavi. Lib. Ecclesiae Landavensis, MS.
aElectione Cleri & populi succedit in episcopatu Landavensis Ecclesiae. electione cleri Mercguini & Elgoreti & Gunnuini magistri; & trium Abbatum, Catgen abbatis ••duti, Concenn abbatis Catmaili, Cetnig abbatis Docguinni; laicorum, Regis Mourici, & filiorum Athruis & Idnerth, Guidgen & Cetiau, Brogmail, Gendoc, Louhonerd, Catgualatyr, & omnium principum totius parochiae. Missus est S. Oudoceus cum clericis suis praedictis (Merchui & Elguoret & Gunubui) cum legatis trium Abbatum & Regis & Principum, ad Dorobornensem civitatem ad beatum Archiepiscopum; ubi sacratus est ecclesiae Landaviae in honore S. Petri fundatae. Ibid.
bDCCCCLXXXII. (vel DCCCLXXII. potius) lucarnationis Domini anno, Gucaunus episcopus Landaviae confecratus à metropolitano Du•stano Dorobornensis ecclesiae archiepiscopo, datâ sibi virgâ pastorali in regally curià à summo Rege Anglorum AE•garo. Ibid.DCCCCLXXXII. (vel DCCCLXXII. potius) lucarnationis Domini anno, Gucaunus episcopus Landaviae confecratus à metropolitano Du•stano Dorobornensis ecclesiae archiepiscopo, datâ sibi virgâ pastorali in regali curià à summo Rege Anglorum AE•garo. Ibid.
cDCCCCLXXXIII. anno, electione factà regum Morcannuc, Ovein videlicèt & Idguallaun, Cattle & Cinuin filiorum Morcantheu, Rotri & Crifud filiorum Elired, & totius Cleri & populi Morcannuc infra hortum Taratir in Gui & hortum Tivi positi: & dato sibi baculo in regally curiâ à summo Rege Anglorum Adelredo, & à metropolitano Dorobornensis Ecclesiae Albrico archiepiscopo, Bledri episcopus Landaviae consecratus est; & 1022. o. anno Incarnationis Domini, ordinationis suae autem 39o. anno, migravit ad Dominum. Ibid.
Here in Ireland much after the same manner, Mr. Campion himself setteth down, thatf to the Monarch was granted a negative in the nomination of Bishops at every vocation: the Clergy and Laity of the Diocese recommending him to their King, the King to the Monarch, the Monarch to the Archbishop of Canterbury. although this last clause be wrongly extended by him to the Bishops of the whole land, which properly belonged to the Ostmann strangers, that possessed theg three cities of Dublin, Waterford, and Limerick. For these being a Colony of the Norwegians and Livonians, and so country-men to the Normans, when they had seen England subdued by the Conqueror, and Normans advanced to the ⟨p. 83⟩chief archbishopric there; would needs now assume to themselves the name ofh Normans also, and cause their Bishops to receive their consecration from no other metropolitan but the Archbishop of Canterbury. And forasmuch as they were confined within the walls of their own cities: the Bishops which they made had no other diocese to exercise their jurisdiction in, but only the bare circuit of those cities. Whereupon we find a Certificate made unto Pope Innocent the third in the year 1216. by the Archbishop of Tuam and his suffragans; thati John Papiron the Legate of the Church of Rome coming into Ireland, found that Dublin indeed had a Bishop, but such a one as did exercise his Episcopal office within the walls only.
Here in Ireland much after the same manner, Mr. Campion himselfe setteth down, thatf to the Monarch was granted a negative in the nomination of Bishops at every vocation: the Clergie and Laity of the Diocesse recommending him to their King, the King to the Monarch, the Monarch to the Archbishop of Canterbury. although this last clause bee wrongly extended by him to the Bishops of the whole land, which properly belonged to the Ostmann strangers, that possessed theg three cities of Dublin, Waterford, and Limrick. For these being a Colonie of the Norwegians and Livonians, and so country-men to the Normans, when they had seene England subdued by the Conquerour, and Normans advanced to the ⟨p. 83⟩chief archbishoprick there; would needs now assume to themselves the name ofh Normans also, and cause their Bishops to receive their consecration from no other metropolitan but the Archbishop of Canterbury. And forasmuch as they were confined within the walls of their own cities: the Bishops which they made had no other diocesse to exercise their jurisdiction in, but onely the bare circuit of those cities. Whereupon we finde a Certificate made unto Pope Innocent the third in the yeare 1216. by the Archbishop of Tuam and his suffraganes; thati Iohn Papiron the Legate of the Church of Rome comming into Ireland, found that Dublin indeed had a Bishop, but such a one as did exercise his Episcopall office within the wals onely.
fEdm. Campion. Histor. Hibern. lib. 1. cap. ult• ad annum 948.
hEodem tempore Norwagenses sive Ostmanni, qui civitates Hiberniae & maritima occupaverunt, Normanni vocati sunt. Annal. Dublin. ad ann. 1095.
iDominus Johannes Papiron legatus Romanae Ecclesiae veniens in Hiberniam, invenit Dublin Episcopum habentem, qui tantum intra muros Episcoplae officium exercebat. Testimon. Tuamens. archiepisc. in Registro Dublin. archiepisc. & nigro libro Ecclesia S. Trinitatis.Dominus Iohannes Papiron legatus Romanae Ecclesiae veniens in Hiberniam, invenit Dublin Episcopum habentem, qui tantum intra muros Episcoplae officium exercebat. Testimon. Tuamens. archiepisc. in Registro Dublin. archiepisc. & nigro libro Ecclesia S. Trinitatis.
•
an illegible letter
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Matth. 4. 6
. to come downe headlong from the pinnacle of the Temple unto the plaine,
every miracle being vaine, which worketh not some profit unto mans salvation. Whereby wee may easily discerne, what to judge of that infinite number of idle miracles, wherewith the lives of our Saints are every where stuffed: many whereof wee may justly censure (as
Amphilochius doth the tales that the Poets tell of their Gods) for
〈non-Latin alphabet〉,
Fables, of laughter worthy, and of teares;
⟨p. 71⟩
Yea some of them also we may rightly brand, as
〈non-Latin alphabet〉
Vnseemely fables, and Divels documents.
•
Ille Deum tentat, qui iactantiae suae vitio, superfluam & inutilem vult ostentare virtutem. Quid e•im utilitatis habet, quid commodi confert, si praeceps hin• in plana descendero? &c. Id. lib. eod.
aInane est enim omne miraculum, quod utilitatem saluti non operatur humanae. Ibid.
bAmphiloch▪ in l • ambis ad Sel••••um.
•
DCCCCLXXXIII. anno, electione factà regum Morcannuc, Ouein videlicèt & Idguallaun, Catell & Cinuin filiorum Morcantheu, Rotri & Crifud filiorum Elired, & totius Cleri & populi Morcannuc infra hortum Taratir in Gui & hortum Tivi positi: & dato sibi baculo in regali curiâ à summo Rege Anglorum Adelredo, & à metropolitano Dorobornensis Ecclesiae Albrico archiepiscopo, Bledri episcopus Landaviae consecratus est; & 1022. o•. anno Incarnationis Domini, ordinationis suae autem 39o. anno, migravit ad Dominum. Ibid.
dMXXII. anno Incarnationis Domini, consecratus est Joseph episcopus Landaviae, Cantuariae à metropolitano Dorobornensis ecclesiae Aelnod archiepiscopo, in Kalendis Ostobris, & in primo (vel XVI•. potiùs) anno Cycli decennovennalis, verbo Regis Anglorum Cout, & dato sibi baculo in Curiâ illius: electione populi & cleri Landaviae, & Regum Britanniae, regis videlicèt Riderch regnantis per totam Gualiam tune tempore, & Hivel subreguli regis Moreannuc infra hortum Taratir in Gui & hortum Tivi regnantis. Ibid.MXXII. anno Incarnationis Domini, consecratus est Ioseph episcopus Landaviae, Cantuariae à metropolitano Dorobornensis ecclesiae Aelnod archiepiscopo, in Kalendis Ostobris, & in primo (vel XVI•. potiùs) anno Cycli decennovennalis, verbo Regis Anglorum Cout, & dato sibi baculo in Curiâ illius: electione populi & cleri Landaviae, & Regum Britanniae, regis videlicèt Riderch regnantis per totam Gualiam tune tempore, & Hivel subreguli regis Moreannuc infra hortum Taratir in Gui & hortum Tivi regnantis. Ibid.
